相

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相 U+76F8, 相 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-76F8 ← 盷 [U+76F7] CJK Unified Ideographs 盹 → [U+76F9]

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Redosled pisanja

Han character

相 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木月山 (DBU), četiri-ugla 4690₀, composition ⿰木目)

Derived characters

• 厢, 廂, 㜀, 湘, 緗(缃), 想, 葙, 箱, 霜

References

• KangXi: page 800, karakter 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 23151
• Dae Jaweon: strana 1216, karakter 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 4, strana 2470, karakter 13
• Unihan data za U+76F8

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Jezici (3)

Reference • Spoljašnje veze • Prethodna Strana Naredna

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Strana kategorija

Kineski

jedn. and trad.		相

Glyph origin

Znakovi u istom fonetskom nizu (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Stari Kineski
相
廂
湘
緗
箱
葙
想
霜	*sraŋ
孀
鸘	*sraŋ
驦	*sraŋ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 (“tree”) + 目 (“eye”) – looking at, or watching the tree.

Etymology

An allofam is 胥 (“each other; mutually; all; to observe; to assist”) (Gong, 1995; Schuessler, 2007).

Derivative: 想 (“to think”) (“appearance > to visualise > to think”).

Pronunciation 1

Definitions

相

1. to see for oneself; to evaluate by seeing for oneself

   相女婿  ―  xiāng nǚxù  ―  assess the suitability of a prospective son-in-law or husband

2. mutually; reciprocally; towards each other; one another

   相望  ―  xiāngwàng  ―  to look at each other

   相逢  ―  xiāngféng  ―  to meet by chance

3. together; jointly
4. successively; one after another
5. towards; to
6. A prezime​..

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

相

1. to look at; to examine the appearance and judge; to observe

   • 相鼠有皮，人而無儀。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     相鼠有皮，人而无仪。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Xiàng shǔ yǒu pí, rén ér wú yí. [Pinyin]

     Look at a rat, - it has its skin;
     But a man should be without dignity of demeanour.

2. looks; appearance; features

   長相／长相  ―  zhǎngxiàng  ―  facial features

3. posture; bearing

   站相  ―  zhànxiàng  ―  standing posture

4. demeanour; manners

   吃相  ―  chīxiàng  ―  table manners

5. photo; picture; photograph (Klasifikator: 張／张 c; 幅 c)

   影幾張相／影几张相 [Cantonese]  ―  jing² gei² zoeng¹ soeng^3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to take a few pictures

6. phase; exterior; stage; period
7. (physics) phase

   相空間／相空间  ―  xiàngkōngjiān  ―  phase space

   相位  ―  xiàngwèi  ―  phase

   月相  ―  yuèxiàng  ―  lunar phase

8. (geology) facies
9. to physiognomise; to practise physiognomy; to tell fortune by reading the subject's facial features
10. physiognomy; practice of physiognomy
11. to choose; to pick
12. to assist; to help; to oversee
13. (Chinese mythology) Xiang of Xia Galicijski
14. (historical) Chancellor of State

    • 恩相，恰纔蒙兩個承局呼喚林沖，將刀來比看。 [MSC, trad.]
      恩相，恰才蒙两个承局呼唤林冲，将刀来比看。 [MSC, simp.]

      From: Water Margin, Chapter 7

      Ēn xiàng, qià cái méng liǎng ge chéng jú hūhuàn Lín Chōng, jiāng dāo lái bǐ kàn. [Pinyin]

      Benevolent Lord, two of your lieutenants brought me here saying you wanted to compare your sword with mine.

15. (xiangqi) minister (on the red side)
16. (historical) master of ceremonies
17. (historical) attendant
18. to administer; to govern
19. to teach; to instruct
20. a person who guides or leads a blind person

    • 危而不持，顛而不扶，則將焉用彼相矣？ [Classical Chinese, trad.]
      危而不持，颠而不扶，则将焉用彼相矣？ [Classical Chinese, simp.]

      From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

      Wéi ér bù chí, diān ér bù fú, zé jiāng yān yòng bǐ xiàng yǐ? [Pinyin (Taiwanese Mandarin)]

      How can he be used as a guide to a blind man, who does not support him when tottering, nor raise him up when fallen?

21. A prezime​..

Synonyms

• (Chancellor of State): 丞相 (chéngxiàng), 相府, 相國／相国, 宰相
• (photograph):

• The dial-syn page 「照片」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

Coordinate terms

• Šablon:list:Chinese chess pieces/zh

References

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)

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Japanski

Kanji

1. mutual, reciprocal, with one another
2. appearance, look

Readings

• Go-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kun: あい (ai, 相, Jōyō)^{←あひ (afi, 相, historical)}; こもごも (komogomo, 相)^{←こもこも (komokomo, 相, historical)}; さが (saga, 相)
• Nanori: あ (a); い (i); おう (ō); さ (sa); さが (saga); すけ (suke)

Compounds

Compounds

• 相(あい)手(て) (aite, “companion, partner, opponent”)
• 液(えき)相(そう) (ekisō, “liquid phase”)
• 気(き)相(そう) (kisō, “gaseous phase”)
• 固(こ)相(そう) (kosō, “solid phase”)
• 相撲(すもう) (sumō, “sumo”)
• 相(そう)談(だん) (sōdan, “consultation”)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
相
あい Stepen: 3
kun'yomi

Za izgovor i definicije 相 – see the following entry: あい

(The following entry is uncreated: あい.)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
相
こもごも Stepen: 3
kun'yomi

Za izgovor i definicije 相 – see the following entry: こもごも

(The following entry is uncreated: こもごも.)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
相
さが Stepen: 3
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms

• 性

Noun

相(さが) (saga) 

1. nature, personality
2. fate, destiny
3. a habit, custom, or practice
4. the good and bad of a person; especially, one's faults

Synonyms

• (nature): 性質(せいしつ) (seishitsu)
• (fate): 運命(うんめい) (unmei); 宿命(しゅくめい) (shukumei)
• (habit): 癖(くせ) (kuse)
• (custom): 習慣(しゅうかん) (shūkan); 慣(なら)わし, 習(なら)わし (narawashi)
• (good and bad): 善悪(ぜんあく) (zen'aku)
• (faults): 欠点(けってん) (ketten); 短所(たんしょ) (tansho); 悪癖(わるぐせ) (waruguse), 悪癖(あくへき) (akuheki)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
相
しょう Stepen: 3
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 相 (“together, with”), from the way that a minister would always be with their lord. Kan'on, so likely a later borrowing than the sō reading.

Suffix

相(しょう) or 相(suffix) (shō or suffix) ^{←しゃう (syau)?}[[Kategorija:Japanski Šablon:error|しょう]]

1. minister of state

   首(しゅ)相(しょう)

   shushō

   prime minister

   内(ない)相(しょう)

   naishō

   minister of the interior

Synonyms

• 大臣(だいじん) (daijin)

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
相
そう Stepen: 3
goon

From Middle Chinese. Goon, so likely an earlier borrowing than the shō reading.

Noun

相(そう) (sō) ^{←さう (sau)?}

1. appearance, how something looks
2. an aspect of something

   大(だい)自(し)然(ぜん)の色々(いろいろ)な相(そう)

   daishizen no iroiro na sō

   various aspects of nature

3. (grammar) grammatical aspect
4. (physics) a phase, as of matter
5. (ikebana) the central supporting branch of an ikebana arrangement

Related terms

• (ikebana): 役枝(やくえだ) (yakueda)

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Korejski

Etymology 1

From Middle Chinese 相 (MC sɨɐŋ, “mutual; together”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ (Yale: syàng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2]	서르 샤ᇰ	Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ (syang) (Yale: syàng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	서ᄅᆞ 샹	Šablon:hanja-juhae

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(ključ): [sʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [상]

Hanja

Wikisource

相 (eumhun 서로 상 (seoro sang))

1. Hanja form^? of 상 (“mutual; together”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 상이 (相異, sang'i)
• 상당 (相當, sangdang)
• 상응 (相應, sang'eung)
• 상관 (相關, sanggwan)
• 상대 (相對, sangdae)
• 상호 (相互, sangho)
• 상쇄 (相殺, sangswae)
• 상봉 (相逢, sangbong)
• 상속 (相續, sangsok)
• 상종 (相從, sangjong)
• 상담 (相談, sangdam, “advice; consultation”)
• 상대방 (相對方, sangdaebang)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 相 (MC sɨɐŋ^H, “appearance”).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ〮 (Yale: syáng) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[3]	ᄌᆡ〯샤ᇰ〮 샤ᇰ〮	Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ〮 (syáng) (Yale: syáng) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Early Modern Korean
Text	Final (韻)	Reading
Samun Seonghwi, 1751	졍승 샹	Šablon:hanja-juhae

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(ključ): [sʰa̠ŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [상]

Hanja

相 (eumhun 바탕 상 (batang sang))

1. Hanja form^? of 상 (“looks; appearance”).
2. Hanja form^? of 상 (“minister of state”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 인상 (人相, insang)
• 재상 (宰相, jaesang)
• 관상 (觀相, gwansang)
• 면상 (面相, myeonsang)
• 색상 (色相, saeksang)
• 실상 (實相, silsang)
• 양상 (樣相, yangsang)
• 위상 (位相, wisang)
• 진상 (眞相, jinsang)
• 형상 (形相, hyeongsang)
• 흉상 (凶相, hyungsang)
• 외상 (外相, oesang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

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Vijetnamski

Han character

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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相 (kineski)

Objašnjenje.

Izgovor:

pinjin: xiāng  

Audio:

(datoteka)

Šablon:zh-cir

Radikal:

目 109

Značenja:

...

Primeri:

„Galatima, glava 5”

—

1. 15 你們要謹慎．若相咬相吞、只怕要彼此消滅了。
   1. 15 Nǐmen yào jǐnshèn. Ruò xiāng yǎo xiāng tūn, zhǐ pà yào bǐcǐ xiāomièle.
      1. 15. Ali ako se među sobom koljete i jedete, gledajte da jedan drugog ne istrebite.
         1. 14 16

Sinonimi:

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Homofoni:

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Homografi:

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HSK nivo:

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Asocijacije:

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Izvedene reči:

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