青
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Translingual уреди
Редослед писања | |||
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Јапански редослед писања | |||
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Han character уреди
青 (Kangxi radical 174, 靑+0, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手一月 (QMB), четири-угла 50227, composition ⿱龶月)
Derived characters уреди
- Appendix:Chinese radical/靑
- 倩, 凊, 啨, 埥, 婧, 崝, 情, 掅, 清, 猜, 晴, 腈, 棈, 𭴼, 睛, 碃, 精, 綪(𬘬), 蜻, 請(请), 錆(锖), 郬, 寈, 菁, 箐, 圊
Related characters уреди
- 靑 (Orthodox form in Kangxi dictionary, preferred form in Korean hanja)
References уреди
- KangXi: не постоји, would follow page 1381, карактер 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 42564
- Dae Jaweon: страна 1893, карактер 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: том 6, страна 4046, карактер 1
- Unihan data за U+9752
Chinese уреди
Glyph origin уреди
Историјски облици карактера 青 | |||
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Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Chu Slip and silk script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (生) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Стари Кинески | |
猜 | |
輤 | |
綪 | |
倩 | |
棈 | |
蒨 | |
篟 | |
生 | |
牲 | |
笙 | |
甥 | |
鉎 | |
珄 | |
鼪 | |
猩 | |
狌 | |
眚 | |
貹 | |
崝 | |
精 | |
菁 | |
鶄 | |
蜻 | |
鼱 | |
婧 | |
睛 | |
箐 | |
聙 | |
旌 | |
清 | |
圊 | |
請 | |
凊 | |
䝼 | |
靚 | |
情 | |
晴 | |
夝 | |
靜 | |
靖 | |
睲 | |
惺 | |
性 | |
姓 | |
靗 | |
鯖 | |
青 | |
靘 | |
掅 | |
胜 | |
曐 | |
星 | |
鮏 | |
腥 | |
鯹 | |
醒 | |
篂 |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意 (huìyì)): 生 (“growth of plants”) + 丹 (“cinnabar”). Cinnabar was used for dyeing, and by extension, came to imply “color” in general, giving the combined meaning “color of growing plants” → “blue-green”.
In the modern glyph, the top component is reduced to 龶, and the bottom component resembles the unrelated 月 (“moon”).
The second-round simplified form of the character is based on the calligraphic form of the character.
Etymology 1 уреди
трад. | 青/靑 | |
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једн. | 青 | |
2nd round simp. | 𰀈 | |
алтернативне форме |
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-riŋ ~ s-r(j)aŋ (“to live; to be alive; to give birth; raw; green”). Cognate with 生 (“to live”), 蒼 (“green; blue”), 性 (“nature”), 姓 (“surname”). Note 蒼 may be an old dialect variant of 青 (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation уреди
Definitions уреди
青
- blue-green; blue (of sky, stone etc.); green (of grass, plants, mountain etc.)
- blue-green ("grue")-colored items
- black (of hair, cloth, silk thread etc.)
- (Min Nan) green
- 青紅燈/青红灯 [Min Nan] ― 青-âng-teng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― traffic light
- young; adolescent
- Short for 青年.
- (literary, obsolete) east
- (literary, obsolete) spring
- Short for 青海 (“Qinghai Province”).
- A презиме..
Usage notes уреди
The meaning for “blue” and “black” is more commonly used in Classical Chinese, while in modern Chinese, the meaning for “green” is more common. In fact, 青 covered both green and blue ("grue") until modern times. For example, 青山綠水 (“hill or water green in color”), 青蘋果 (“green apple”). However, there are still some expressions for the meaning of blue, e.g. 青天 (“blue sky”), 青出於藍 (“blue comes from indigo; someone performing better than their teacher”)
In Cantonese, the use of 青 to mean “black” is still used in circumstances where to use 黑 (hak1) would be inauspicious, as it is a near-homophone of 乞 (hat1, “beggar”). For example, 黑衣 (hak1 ji1) used to describe clothing would be a near-homophone of both beggar and a beggar's garment.
See also уреди
Compounds уреди
Descendants уреди
Pronunciation уреди
Definitions уреди
青
- Шаблон:zh-alt form
- Used in 青青.
Etymology 2 уреди
трад. | 青 | |
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једн. # | 青 |
Pronunciation уреди
Definitions уреди
青
References уреди
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04499
- Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
- “Entry #4515”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese уреди
青 | |
靑 |
Kanji уреди
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Readings уреди
- Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō †)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kan-on: せい (sei, Jōyō)
- Sō-on: しい (shii)
- Kun: あお (ao, 青, Jōyō)←あを (awo, 青, historical); あおい (aoi, 青い, Jōyō)←あをい (awoi, 青い, historical); さお (sao, 青)←さを (sawo, 青, historical)
- Nanori: お (o); きよ (kiyo); はる (haru)
Compounds уреди
Etymology 1 уреди
Kanji in this term |
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青 |
あお Степен: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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靑 (kyūjitai) |
/sawo/ (uncertain, may be compound as opposed to root) → /awo/ → /ao/
From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *awo.[1]
Appears as the latter part in older compounds with an -s- infix or prefix. It is unclear if this leading /s/ is indicative of an earlier form (sawo), or if this was an addition for euphony to avoid vowel clusters, or for other reasons. This /s/ is also seen in 雨 (ame, “rain”, becoming same in old compounds) and 稲 (ine, “rice”, becoming shine in old compounds).
Given that this /s/ only ever appears interstitially, and given the semantics, this /s/ may be cognate with Корејски interfix ㅅ (-s-) used to mark possession; compare Шаблон:nc.
Pronunciation уреди
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Noun уреди
- blue
- one of three primary colors
- a shade of blue to blue green
- (dated) green
- 青林檎
- ao ringo
- green apple
- 青林檎
- Short for 青信号 (ao-shingō): green light Галицијски
- Антоним: 赤 (aka)
- the black, bluish color of a horse's hair; also, such a horse
- Шаблон:RQ:Nippo Jisho[3]
- Auo. アヲ (青) 馬の毛色で, 全体に黒くて青みがあり, 両耳の内側に多少白いところのあるもの. この部分の毛も他の部分と同じようにすっかり黒い時には, Curo(黒)と呼ばれる.
- Синоним: 青毛 (aoge)
- Шаблон:RQ:Nippo Jisho[3]
- (card games) Lua грешка in Модул:form_of/templates at line 196: attempt to call field 'split_on_comma' (a nil value).: one of the three hanafuda cards bearing a blue 短冊 (tanzaku, “narrow card used for poetry”); a 役 (yaku) of the three aotan cards, worth 3 points
- (card games) a blue card in 天正カルタ (Tenshō karuta)
- Short for 青本 (aohon): Овај израз захтева дефиницију. Молим вас помозите и додајте превод, затим уклоните текст
{{rfdef}}
. - Short for 青銭 (aosen): Овај израз захтева дефиницију. Молим вас помозите и додајте превод, затим уклоните текст
{{rfdef}}
.
Derived terms уреди
Proverbs уреди
- 青は藍より出でて藍より青し (ao wa ai yori idete ai yori aoshi)
See also уреди
Prefix уреди
Derived terms уреди
Proper noun уреди
- a female given name
- a презиме.
Etymology 2 уреди
Kanji in this term |
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青 |
せい Степен: 1 |
on’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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靑 (kyūjitai) |
From Middle Chinese 青.
Pronunciation уреди
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Noun уреди
青 (sei)
Proper noun уреди
青 (Sei)
- a female given name
- a презиме.
Etymology 3 уреди
Kanji in this term |
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青 |
しい Степен: 1 |
sōon |
Alternative spelling |
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靑 (kyūjitai) |
Unknown. The reading might be an obscure term from Old Japanese or dialect. The use of the character 青 arises from its 宋音 (sōon, “Song-dynasty pronunciation”).[4]
Pronunciation уреди
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Noun уреди
青 (shii)
- (rare, archaic, mythology) a beast that looks like a weasel, and is said to have lived in present-day Fukuoka and Yamaguchi prefectures
- (rare, archaic, mythology) a beast that looks like a wolf, and is said to have appeared around Mount Yoshino
References уреди
- ↑ Thomas Pellard. Ryukyuan perspectives on the proto-Japonic vowel system. Frellesvig, Bjarke; Sells, Peter. Japanese/Korean Linguistics 20, CSLI Publications, pp.81–96, 2013.
- ↑ Шаблон:R:Keihankei
- ↑ Doi, Tadao (1603–1604) Hōyaku Nippo Jisho (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1980, →ISBN.
- ↑ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Korean уреди
Hanja уреди
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References уреди
- Supreme Court of the Republic of Korea (대한민국 대법원, Daehanmin'guk Daebeobwon) (2018). Table of hanja for personal names (인명용 한자표 / 人名用漢字表, Inmyeong-yong hanja-pyo), page 42. [1]