west

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west on Wikipedia

Etymology

PIE реч
*wek(ʷ)speros

From Middle English west, from Old English west, from Proto-Germanic *westrą. Cognate with Scots wast, Saterland Frisian Wääste, West Frisian west, Холандски west, Немачки West, Дански vest. Cognate also with Old French west, Француски ouest, Шпански oeste, Португалски oeste, Catalan oest, Galician oeste, Италијански ovest (all ultimately borrowings of the English word). Compare also Латински vesper, with which it is possibly cognate via Proto-Indo-European.

Pronunciation

enPR: wĕst, МФА^(кључ): /wɛst/
Audio (UK) (file)
Audio (US) (file)
Риме: -ɛst

Noun

west (uncountable)

One of the four principal compass points, specifically 270°, conventionally directed to the left on maps; the direction of the setting sun at an equinox, abbreviated as W.
We used to live in the west of the country.

Portugal lies to the west of Spain.
The western region or area; the inhabitants thereof. [circa 1300]
(ecclesiastical) In a church: the direction of the gallery, opposite to the altar, and opposite to the direction faced by the priest when celebrating ad orientem.
- 1997, John Haskell, John Callanan, Sydney Architecture, UNSW Press (→ISBN)
  In two respects, however, the cathedral [of St. Mary's in Sydney, Australia] differs from English traditions: it is oriented north-south, not east-west; and its main entry is from the south (liturgical west) between the two towers, in the French manner.
- 2000, Mark L. MacDonald, The Chant of Life: Liturgical Studies Four, Church Publishing, Inc. (→ISBN), page 98:
  The seating for honored persons (clergy) is at the liturgical west, opposite the entrance and lectern.
- 2007, Patrick Malloy, Celebrating the Eucharist: A Practical Ceremonial Guide for Clergy and Other Liturgical Ministers, Church Publishing, Inc. (→ISBN), page 155:
  In most worship spaces, this will put the thurifer and gospeller facing liturgical west, book bearer facing liturgical east (or the book on the reading desk), and the torch bearers turned inward, facing the book.
- 2014, Paul Porwoll, Against All Odds: History of Saint Andrew's Parish Church, Charleston, 1706-2013, WestBow Press (→ISBN), page 365:
  Throughout the book I refer directionally to the altar and chancel of St. Andrew's as situated at ecclesiastical east (to avoid overcomplicating matters), not geographical or magnetic southeast. Thus, the altar is located at the east end of the church, and the gallery, at the west.

Coordinate terms

(compass points)

northwest	north	northeast
west		east
southwest	south	southeast

Derived terms

Translations

Also see Appendix:Cardinal directions for translations of all compass points

compass point

Afrikaans: wes (af)
Ainu: チュッポㇰ (cuppok)
Albanian: perëndim (sq)
Amharic: ምዕራብ (məʿrab)
Arabic: غَرْب‎ (ar) m (ḡarb)
Egyptian Arabic: غرب‎ m (ġarb)
Aramaic:
Hebrew: מערבא‎ f (ma‘rbā, ma‘rbo)

Syriac: ܡܥܪܒܐ‎ f (ma‘rbā, ma‘rbo)
Armenian: արևմուտք (arewmutkʿ)
Aromanian: vestu, Vestu, ascãpitatã
Assamese: পশ্চিম (possim)
Asturian: oeste m
Azerbaijani: qərb (az)
Bashkir: көнбайыш (könbayïš)
Basque: sartalde, mendebal
Belarusian: за́хад m (záxad)
Bengali: পশ্চিম (pôścim)
Bikol Central: sulnopan
Breton: kornôg (br) m
Bulgarian: за́пад (bg) m (západ)
Burmese: အနောက် (my) (a.nauk), ပစ္ဆိမ (pachci.ma.)
Catalan: oest (ca) m, ponent (ca) m, occident (ca)
Cebuano: kasadpan
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Cherokee: ᏭᏕᎵᎬᎢ (wudeligvi)
Chickasaw: hashaaobya'
Chinese:
Cantonese: 西 (yue) (sai¹)

Dungan: щи (xi), щифон (xifon)

Mandarin: 西 (zh) (xī), 西方 (zh) (xīfāng)
Chukchi: ӄэралгын (qėralgyn)
Cornish: west m, howlsedhes m, gorlewin f
Czech: západ (cs) m
Danish: vest (da)
Dhuwal: ^{(молим проверите)} bärra
Dutch: westen (nl) n
Egyptian:

(jmn m),

(jmnt f),

(jmntt f)
Esperanto: okcidento
Estonian: lääs (et)
Finnish: länsi (fi)
French: ouest (fr) m, occident (fr) m, ponant (fr)
Gagauz: batı
Galician: oeste (gl) m, occidente m, poñente m
Georgian: დასავლეთი (dasavleti)
German: West (de) m, Westen (de) m
Greek: δύση (el) f (dýsi)
Ancient: δύσις f (dúsis), δυσμή f (dusmḗ)
Gujarati: પશ્ચિમ (paścim)
Hawaiian: komohana
Hebrew: מַעֲרָב‎ (he) m (ma'aráv), יָם‎ (he) m (yam)
Hindi: पश्चिम (hi) m (paścim), मगरब (hi) m (magrab), पश्चिमा (hi) f (paścimā), अपरा (hi) f (aprā), पच्छम (hi) m (paccham)
Hungarian: nyugat (hu)
Icelandic: vestur (is) n
Ido: ocidento (io), westo (io)
Indonesian: barat (id)
Interlingua: west
Irish: siar m, iarthar m
Italian: ovest (it), occidente (it), ponente (it)
Japanese: 西 (ja) (にし, nishi), 西方 (ja) (せいほう, seihō)
Javanese: kulon (ngoko), kilèn (krama), pascima (jv) (literary)
Kannada: ಪಶ್ಚಿಮ (kn) (paścima)
Kapampangan: albugan
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Karo Batak: pustima
Kazakh: күнбатыс (künbatys), батыс (kk) (batys), құбыла (qūbyla)
Khakas: кидер (kider)
Khmer: ទិសខាងលិច (tɨhkhaanglɨc), ខាងលិច (khaanglɨc), បស្ចិម (km) (bɑhcəm), បច្ចិមទិស (bɑɑccəmtɨh), លិច (km) (lɨc)
Kikuyu: ithũĩro class 5
Korean: 서(西) (ko) (seo), (nautical) 하늬 (hanui), 서쪽 (ko) (seojjok)
Koryak: тэйкыялӄэвыны (teykəyalqevənə)
Kumyk: гюнбатыш (günbatış)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ڕۆژئاوا‎ (roj'awa), خۆرئاوا‎ (ckb) (xor'awa)

Northern Kurdish: rojava (ku) f, xerb (ku) f
Kyrgyz: батыш (ky) (batış), күн батыш (kün batış)
Lao: ຕາວັນຕົກ, ຕາເວັນຕົກ (tā wen tok), ທິດຕາເວັນຕົກ (thit tā wen tok), ປະຈິມ (pa chim)
Latgalian: vokori
Latin: occidens (la)
(deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
Latvian: rietumi, vakari (lv) pl
Lithuanian: vakarai (lt)
Macedonian: за́пад m (západ)
Madurese: bârâ'
Malay:
Jawi: بارت‎, کولون‎, مغرب‎

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
Malayalam: പടിഞ്ഞാറ് (ml) (paṭiññāṟŭ), പശ്ചിമം (paścimaṃ), മേക്ക് (ml) (mēkkŭ)
Maltese: punent
Manchu: [script needed] (wargi)
Maori: hauāuru
Middle English: west
Mongolian: баруун (mn) (baruun), ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ (baraɣun)
Nahuatl: cihuatlampa
Nanai: пэрхи
Navajo: eʼeʼaah
Norman: vouest m (Guernsey), vouêt m (Jersey)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: vest (no)

Nynorsk: vest
Occitan: oèst (oc) m, occident (oc) m, ponent (oc) m
Old Church Slavonic:
Cyrillic: западъ m (zapadŭ), заходъ m (zaxodŭ)
Oriya: ପଶ୍ଚିମ (or) (pôścimô)
Pashto: مغرب‎ m (maǧréb), باختر‎ (ps) m (bāxtár)
Persian: باختر‎ (fa) (bâxtar), غرب‎ (fa) (ğarb), مغرب‎ (fa) (mağreb), خوربران‎ (xwarbarān) (archaic)
Plautdietsch: Wasten n
Polish: zachód (pl) m inan
Portuguese: oeste (pt) m, ocidente (pt) m, poente (pt) m
Punjabi: ਪੱਛਮ m (paccham)
Romanian: vest (ro) n, apus (ro) n, occident (ro)
Romansch: vest
Russian: за́пад (ru) m (západ), вест (ru) m (vest) (nautical), захо́д (ru) m (zaxód) (dated, now means "sunset")
Rusyn: за́ход m (záxod), за́пад m (západ)
Sanskrit: पश्चिमा (sa) f (paścimā), अपरा (sa) f (aparā)
Santali: ᱯᱟᱪᱮ (pace), ᱯᱟᱹᱪᱷᱤᱢ
Scots: wast
Scottish Gaelic: iar f
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: запад m

Roman: zapad (sh) m
Shor: кӱн-қонужу (kün-qonuju)
Sinhalese: බටහිර (baṭahira)
Slovak: západ m
Slovene: zahod (sl) m
Southern Altai: кӱнбадыш (künbadïš)
Spanish: oeste (es) m, poniente (es), occidente (es)
Swahili: magharibi (sw)
Swedish: väst (sv), väster (sv)
Tagalog: kanluran (tl)
Tajik: ғарб (tg) (ġarb), мағриб (tg) (maġrib)
Tamil: மேற்கு (ta) (mēṟku)
Tatar: көнбатыш (tt) (könbatış)
Telugu: పడమర (te) (paḍamara), పశ్చిమం (paścimaṃ)
Thai: ทิศตะวันตก (th) (tít dtà-wan dtòk), ตะวันตก (th), ประจิม (th)
Tibetan: ནུབ (nub)
Tigrinya: ምዕራብ (məʿrab)
Toba Batak: pastima, hasundutan
Tocharian B: kauṃ-kläsko
Turkish: batı (tr), garp (tr) (obsolete)
Turkmen: günbatar
Tuvan: барыын чүк (barıın čük)
Ukrainian: за́хід (uk) m (záxid)
Urdu: مغرب‎ (ur) (maġrib)
Uyghur: غەرب‎ (gherb), كۈنپېتىش‎ (künpëtish)
Uzbek: gʻarb (uz), kunbotish (uz)
Vietnamese: tây (vi) (西 (vi)), phía tây, hướng tây
Volapük: vesüd (vo)
Welsh: gorllewin (cy) m
West Coast Bajau: barat
West Frisian: westen (fy) n, west (fy)
Yagnobi: ғарб (ġarb)
Yakut: арҕаа (arğaa)
Yiddish: מערבֿ‎ m (mayrev)
Yonaguni: イリ (yiri)
Yámana: inal
Zhuang: sae

Adjective

west

Situated or lying in or toward the west; westward.
(meteorology) Of wind: from the west.
Of or pertaining to the west; western.
From the West; occidental.
(ecclesiastial) Designating, or situated in, the liturgical west, that part of a church which is opposite to, and farthest from, the part containing the chancel.
- 2008, Philip Temple, Northern Clerkenwell and Pentonville, Paul Mellon Ctr for Studies (→ISBN), page 356:
  Interior in 1925, (left) looking north to chancel and (right) looking south (to liturgical west end) It was on account of this connection that St James's became the clowns 'church', an annual clowns' service being held there ...
- 2017, Stephen Kite, Building Ruskin's Italy: Watching Architecture, Routledge (→ISBN), page 48:
  as in the mosaic of the ascension on San Frediano's liturgical west (geographically east) façade.
- 2019, Sarah Hosking, "Coventry Cathedral", in Prickett Stephen Prickett, Edinburgh Companion to the Bible and the Arts, Edinburgh University Press (→ISBN), page 371:
  Spence had decided on a huge image of Christ on the [liturgical] east end [which is the geographic north], filling the entire wall and to be visible through the [liturgical] West Window (Fig. 24.2).

Translations

towards the west

Armenian: արևմտյան (arewmtyan)
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Chinese:
Mandarin: 西 (zh) (xī)
Dutch: west (nl), westelijk (nl), westelijke (nl)
Esperanto: okcidenta
Finnish: länteen päin
French: vers l’ouest
German: westlich (de), westwärts (de)
Greek: δυτικός (el) (dytikós)
Japanese: 西 (ja) (にし, nishi)
Kurdish:
Northern Kurdish: (ber bi) rojava(yê), (ber bi) xerb(ê) f, (berew (ku)) rojawa (ku), (berew (ku)) xorawa (ku)
Macedonian: за́падно (západno)
Malay:
Jawi: بارت‎, کولون‎, مغرب‎

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
(deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
Navajo: eʼeʼaahjigo
Norwegian:
Bokmål: vestlig (no), vestre (no)

Nynorsk: vestleg, vestre
Persian: خوروران‎ (xōrvarân), غرب‎ (fa) (ğarb)
Polish: na zachód
Portuguese: ocidental (pt)
Rohingya: fosím
Scottish Gaelic: siar, an iar
Spanish: al oeste
Swedish: västerut (sv)
Telugu: పడమటి (te) (paḍamaṭi), పాశ్చాత్య (pāścātya)
Volapük: vesüdio (vo), (older term) vesüvedo
West Coast Bajau: barat
West Frisian: westlik

western

Armenian: արևմտյան (arewmtyan)
Belarusian: захо́дні m (zaxódni)
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Czech: západní (cs)
Finnish: läntinen (fi)
French: occidental (fr)
German: westlich (de)
Greek: δυτικός (el) m (dytikós)
Japanese: 西部 (ja) (せいぶ, seibu)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: rojawayî (ckb), xorawayî

Northern Kurdish: rojavayî (ku), xerbî (ku)
Latin: occidentalis (la)
Latvian: rietumu
Macedonian: за́паден (západen)
Malay:
Jawi: بارت‎, کولون‎, مغرب‎

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
(deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
Norwegian:
Bokmål: vestlig (no), vestre (no)

Nynorsk: vestleg, vestre
Persian: غربی‎ (fa) (ğarbi)
Polish: zachodni (pl)
Portuguese: ocidental (pt)
Russian: за́падный (ru) (západnyj)
Scottish Gaelic: siar, an iar
Slovak: západný (sk)
Spanish: occidental (es)
Swedish: västlig (sv)
Telugu: పాశ్చాత్య (pāścātya)
Ukrainian: за́хідний (uk) m (záxidnyj)
Volapük: vesüdik (vo)
West Coast Bajau: barat

occidental

Armenian: արևմտյան (arewmtyan)
Central Melanau: laan, barat
Czech: západní (cs)
Finnish: länsimaalainen
French: occidental (fr)
German: westlich (de), abendländisch (de)
Greek: δυτικός (el) m (dytikós)
Japanese: 西洋 (ja) (せいよう, seiyō), 欧米 (ja) (おうべい, ōbei)
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: rojawayî (ckb), xorawayî

Northern Kurdish: rojavayî (ku), xerbî (ku)
Latvian: rietumu
Macedonian: за́паден (západen), оксидента́лен (oksidentálen)
(deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
Malay:
Jawi: بارت‎, کولون‎, مغرب‎

Rumi: barat (ms), kulon (ms), maghrib
Persian: غربی‎ (fa) (ğarbi)
Polish: zachodni (pl)
Portuguese: ocidental (pt)
Russian: за́падный (ru) (západnyj)
Spanish: occidental (es)
Swedish: västerländsk (sv)
Volapük: vesüdänik (vo)
West Coast Bajau: barat
West Frisian: westlik

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.

Translations to be checked

Basque: ^{(молим проверите)} sartaldeko, ^{(молим проверите)} mendebaleko
Breton: ^{(please verify)} kornôg (br)
Interlingua: ^{(молим проверите)} occidental, ^{(молим проверите)} del west
(deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
Italian: ^{(please verify)} occidentale (it)
Turkish: ^{(please verify)} batı (tr)

Adverb

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Towards the west; westwards.

Translations

towards the west

Dutch: westwaarts (nl)
Estonian: läänes
Greek: δυτικά (el) (dytiká)
Icelandic: vestur (is)
(deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
Japanese: 西へ (nishi e)
Latvian: uz rietumiem
Polish: na zachód
Scottish Gaelic: an iar

Verb

west

To move to the west; (of the sun) to set. [from 15th c.]
- 1590, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Qveene. […], London: Printed [by John Wolfe] for VVilliam Ponsonbie, OCLC 960102938, book 5, canto prologue:
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