Викиречник

月


月 U+6708, 月
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6708
← 朇
[U+6707] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 有 →
[U+6709]
⽉ U+2F49, ⽉
KANGXI RADICAL MOON
← ⽈
[U+2F48] 		Канџи радикали ⽊ →
[U+2F4A]

⺝ U+2E9D, ⺝
CJK RADICAL MOON
← ⺜
[U+2E9C] 		CJK Radicals Supplement ⺞ →
[U+2E9E]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
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Han character

Види слике од
Радикал 74 月

月 (Kangxi radical 74, 月+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 月 (B), четири-угла 77220, composition ⿵⺆𠄠)

  1. Кангци радикал #74, ⽉.

Usage notes

Do not confuse 月 with ⺼, a form of 肉 (“flesh, meat”) when used as the left-hand radical of a character. ⺼ is used for parts of the body such as 背 (“back”) or 肝 (“liver”). These may be written identically as 月, but in careful use they are distinguished, with the inside of ⺼ being written with unattached diagonal strokes. This is particularly an issue in looking up characters by radical; compare the 月 index and 肉 index.

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 504, карактер 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 14330
  • Dae Jaweon: страна 879, карактер 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: том 3, страна 2041, карактер 1
  • Unihan data за U+6708

Further reading

Језици (9)
Kunigami • Miyako • Okinawan • Old Japanese • Yaeyama • Yonaguni • Референце • [[#|]] • [[#|]]
Страна категорија

Кинески


једн. and трад.
 月
alternative forms 𡇹
𠥱
 
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 月 (Written Standard Chinese?)
  • goe̍h (Southern Min)

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 月
Shang Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (月) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Стари Кинески
刖
枂
月
跀
抈
鈅
玥
蚏

Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) – pictographic representation of a crescent moon. Compare 夕.

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋʷ(j)a-t (“moon; star”), whence also Magar [Терм?] (gya hot, “moon”), Proto-Lolo-Burmese *mwatᴸ (“star; moon”) (whence Lahu məʔ-kə (“star”)), Drung gurmet (“star”) (Matisoff, 1980; LaPolla, 1987; STEDT).

Various alternative etymologies have also been proposed:

  • Unger (1992) proposes cognation with Tibetan ངོ (ngo, “waxing and waning moon; half moon”) (as in མར་ངོ (mar ngo, “waning moon”) and ཡར་ངོ (yar ngo, “waxing moon”)), which Schuessler (2007) connects to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ŋow (“white; light colour”). However, Sagart (1999) points out that the Tibetan word may be analyzed as a derivative of Tibetan ངོ (ngo, “face”), which would mean the semantic connection between “moon” and “face” had to occur either independently in Chinese and Tibetan or in Proto-Sino-Tibetan; it also requires positing a suffix -t in Chinese.
  • Pulleybank (1995a) proposes another etymology based on the glyph for 名 (reconstructed as *màŋʲ), which he analyses as a phono-semantic compound of phonetic 夕 (“moon”) and semantic 口 (“mouth”). He suggests that the phonetic component represents a lost word *màŋʲ (“moon”), and reconstructs 月 as *mŋʲ (consonantal frame of “moon”) + *-at (suffix) > *ŋʲʷat. However, there are more straightforward ways of explaining the glyph origin of 名 (see there), which would nullify the hypothesis of the lost word.
  • Related to 越 (“to pass over; to cross over”) in some way.
    • Mei (1979) derives 月 from 越 (OC **gjot > *gwjat): **N-gjot > *ngwjat. Also in this proposed word family is 歲 (OC **s-gjots > *skwjadh, “year”). The semantics of this word family is centred around "to pass; to elapse". While Matisoff (1980) seems supportive of this word family, STEDT reconstructs Proto-Sino-Tibetan *grwat (“to travel; to go through”) for 越 and 歲, separate from the root for 月.
    • Ferlus (2012) reconstructs the Old Chinese as *ŋ.wat and puts it in a word family formed from a Chinese root *wat, having a meaning of "circularity" or "circular boundary". This proposed word family includes 越 (OC *wat, “to cross over”), as in "to cross the enclosure of the village", and 外 (OC *ŋ.wat-s, “outside”), as in "out of the enclosure of the village".

Pronunciation

Lua грешка in Модул:wuu-pron at line 210: Invalid syllable: 5hhyq,5hhioq. Wugniu expected, but another romanisation is supplied..

Definitions

月

  1. (literary or dialectal) moon (Класификатор: 輪／轮 m)
  2. moon-shaped objects
  3. (literary) moonlight
  4. month (Класификатор: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 h)
    Синоними: 月份, 號頭／号头
  5. monthly
    月薪  ―  yuèxīn  ―  monthly wage
  6. Класификатор за months.
  7. A презиме​..
Quotations

За наводе коришћења овог термина, видите Цитати:月.

Synonyms

Compounds

Descendants

See also

Months of the year

Etymology 2

За изговор и дефиниције од 月 – види 肉.
(Овај character, 月, је an ancient облик од 肉.)

Lua грешка in Модул:zh-pron at line 947: attempt to call upvalue 'explode_chars' (a nil value).

Etymology 3

За изговор и дефиниције од 月 – види 夕 (“night; evening; dusk”).
(Овај character, 月, је an ancient облик од 夕.)

Lua грешка in Модул:zh-pron at line 947: attempt to call upvalue 'explode_chars' (a nil value).

Etymology 4

За изговор и дефиниције од 月 – види 明.
(Овај character, 月, је an ancient облик од 明.)

Lua грешка in Модул:zh-pron at line 947: attempt to call upvalue 'explode_chars' (a nil value).

References

Јапански


Kanji

月

(Први grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
月
つき
Степен: 1
kun'yomi

⟨tuki2⟩ → */tukɨ/ → */t͡sukɨ/ → /t͡suki/

From Old Japanese 月 (tuki2), ultimately from Proto-Japonic *tukuy.[1]

Likely a shift from Old Japanese 月 (tuku), derived through a fusion with ancient Japanese emphatic nominal particle い (i). Compare the development of 神 (kami, “Shinto deity”) from older combining form kamu.

Pronunciation

Noun

月(つき) (tsuki) 

  1. the moon
    Синоними: 太陰 (taiin), ムーン (mūn)
  2. (astronomy) a natural satellite
  3. moonlight, moonbeam
    Синоними: 月光 (gekkō), 月影 (tsukikage)
  4. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of the moon
  5. (tarot) the Moon, the eighteenth trump or major arcana card in most traditional Tarot decks
  6. a month
  7. Short for 月囲い (tsukigakoi): a mistress on a monthly allowance
  8. (archaic) a menstrual cycle, menstruation Галицијски
    Синоними: 月経 (gekkei), 月の物 (tsuki no mono)
Quotations

За наводе коришћења овог термина, видите Цитати:月.

Derived terms
Japanese number-counter combinations for 月(つき) (tsuki)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 How many?
一(ひと)月(つき) (hitotsuki) 二(ふた)月(つき) (futatsuki) 三(み)月(つき) (mitsuki) 四(よ)月(つき) (yotsuki) 五(いつ)月(つき) (itsutsuki) 六(む)月(つき) (mutsuki) 七(なな)月(つき) (nanatsuki) 八(や)月(つき) (yatsuki) 九(ここの)月(つき) (kokonotsuki) 十(と)月(つき) (totsuki) 何(なん)月(つき) (nantsuki)
Idioms

Proper noun

月(つき) (Tsuki) 

  1. Lua грешка in Модул:names at line 595: Unrecognized gender: female.
  2. A презиме​..

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
月
がつ
Степен: 1
kan'yōon

/ɡʷatɨ/ → /ɡʷat͡su/ → /ɡat͡su/

From Middle Chinese 月 (ŋʉɐt̚). The 慣用音 (kan'yōon) reading, a pronunciation in common usage based on a corruption of the Middle Chinese borrowing.

Pronunciation

  • Some dictionaries apparently classify this reading as both 呉音 (goon) and 慣用音 (kan'yōon).

Suffix

月(がつ) or 月(suffix) (gatsu or suffix) ←ぐわつ (gwatu)?[[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|かつ]]

  1. month of the year
Derived terms
Japanese number-counter combinations for 月(がつ) (gatsu)
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th Which month?
一(いち)月(がつ) (ichigatsu) 二(に)月(がつ) (nigatsu) 三(さん)月(がつ) (sangatsu) 四(し)月(がつ) (shigatsu) 五(ご)月(がつ) (gogatsu) 六(ろく)月(がつ) (rokugatsu) 七(しち)月(がつ) (shichigatsu)
七(なな)月(がつ) (nanagatsu) 		八(はち)月(がつ) (hachigatsu) 九(く)月(がつ) (kugatsu) 十(じゅう)月(がつ) (jūgatsu) 十(じゅう)一(いち)月(がつ) (jūichigatsu) 十(じゅう)二(に)月(がつ) (jūnigatsu) 何(なん)月(がつ) (nangatsu)

Affix

月(がつ) or 月(suffix) (gatsu or suffix) ←ぐわつ (gwatu)?[[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|かつ]]

  1. moon
  2. month
Derived terms
Usage notes

When used in most compounds or when counting a number of months with ヶ (ka), 月 is pronounced げつ (getsu). When used in compounds for modern months of the year, it is pronounced がつ (gatsu). When used for poetic or lunar months, it is pronounced つき (tsuki).

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
月
げつ
Степен: 1
kan'on

/ɡʷetu/ → /ɡet͡su/

From Middle Chinese 月 (ŋʉɐt̚).

The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare modern Hakka 月 (ngie̍t), Min Nan 月 (ge̍h).

Pronunciation

Counter

月(げつ) (-getsu) ←ぐゑつ (gwetu)?

  1. a month as a duration of time
  2. (possibly obsolete) month of the year
Usage notes

When used in most compounds or when counting a number of months with ヶ (ka), 月 is pronounced げつ (getsu). When used in compounds for modern months of the year, it is pronounced がつ (gatsu). When used for poetic or lunar months, it is pronounced つき (tsuki).

Derived terms

Noun

月(げつ) (getsu) 

  1. Short for 月曜日 (getsuyōbi): Monday

Affix

月(げつ) (getsu) 

  1. moon
  2. month
  3. menstruation, menstrual cycle
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
月
がち
Степен: 1
goon

/ɡʷat͡ɕi/ → /ɡat͡ɕi/

First attested in the Edo period.

Appears to be a poetic use of the 呉音 (goon) reading, in reference to a rank of 端女郎 (hashi jorō, “low-end prostitute”) in the Kansai region. According to a popular song, a 月 (gachi, “moon”) prostitute cost one 匁 (monme, old unit of currency, worth roughly 3.75 grams of silver), a 影 (kage, “shadow”) prostitute cost two monme, and a 汐 (shio, “tide; loveliness”) prostitute cost three monme.[2][4]

Pronunciation

Noun

月(がち) (gachi) ←ぐわち (gwati)?

  1. (Kansai, historical) during the Edo period, a low rank of low-end prostitute
Derived terms

Etymology 5

Kanji in this term
月
がち
Степен: 1
goon

Either a shift in sense from the low-ranking prostitute meaning above, or a shift in pronunciation from 頑痴 (ganchi, “stubborn and stupid”).[2][4]

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Adjective

月(がち) (gachi) ←ぐわち (gwati)?

  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) crude, unrefined, hickish
    Синоним: 野暮 (yabo)
Inflection
Classical conjugation of "月なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 月なら がちなら gatinara
Continuative (連用形) 月に[1]
月なり[2]		 がちに
がちなり		 gatini
gatinari
Terminal (終止形) 月なり がちなり gatinari
Attributive (連体形) 月なる がちなる gatinaru
Realis (已然形) 月なれ がちなれ gatinare
Imperative (命令形) 月なれ がちなれ gatinare
Key constructions
Negative 月ならず がちならず gatinarazu
Contrasting conjunction 月なれど がちなれど gatinaredo
Causal conjunction 月なれば がちなれば gatinareba
Conditional conjunction 月ならば がちならば gatinaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 月なりき がちなりき gatinariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 月なりけり がちなりけり gatinarikeri
Adverbial 月に がちに gatini
[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

Noun

月(がち) (gachi) ←ぐわち (gwati)?

  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) something or someone that/who is crude, unrefined, hickish
    Синоним: 野暮 (yabo)

References

  1. ↑ Pellard, Thomas (2012) “日琉祖語の分岐年代”, in 琉球諸語と古代日本語に関する比較言語学的研究」ワークショップ‎[1], page 6
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 2,3 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  3. ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Корејски


Etymology

From Middle Chinese 月.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅌᅯᇙ〮 (Yale: ngwélq)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄃᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: tól) 월〮 (Yale: wél)

Pronunciation

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:
[[wikisource:ko:Special:Search/"月"|月]]

Wikisource

月 (eumhun 달 월 (dal wol))

  1. Hanja form? of 월 (“month”).
  2. Hanja form? of 월 (“moon”).
  3. Hanja form? of 월 (“Short for 월요일(月曜日) (woryoil, “Monday”).”).

Compounds

References

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Kunigami

Kanji

月

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.

Pronunciation

Noun

月 (hiragana しちー, romaji shichī)

  1. the moon

Miyako

Kanji

月

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.

Pronunciation

Noun

月 (hiragana つぃきぃ, romaji tsïksï)

  1. the moon
  2. a month
  3. (abbreviation) Monday

Okinawan

Kanji

月

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Alternative forms

  • (topicalized) 月ぇ (chichē)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
月
ちち
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki, from Proto-Japonic *tukuy.

Cognate with Јапански 月 (tsuki).

Pronunciation

Noun

月 (hiragana ちち, rōmaji chichi, historical hiragana つぃち)

  1. the moon
  2. a month
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
月
ぐゎち
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

月 (hiragana ぐゎち, rōmaji gwachi)

  1. month of the year

Suffix

Шаблон:ryu-pos

  1. month of the year

Further reading

References

  1. ↑ “チチ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).

Old Japanese

Etymology 1

From Proto-Japonic *tukuy.

Likely a shift from tuku below, derived through a fusion with い (i2, emphatic nominal particle). Compare the development of 神 (kamu → kami2, “Shinto deity”).

Noun

月 (tuki2) (kana つき)

  1. the moon
  2. a month
  3. a menstrual cycle, menstruation Галицијски
Quotations

За наводе коришћења овог термина, видите Цитати:月.

Derived terms
Изведени термини

Etymology 2

Possibly from Proto-Japonic *tuku.

Noun

月 (tuku) (kana つく)

  1. (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) the moon
  2. (regional, Eastern Old Japanese) a month
  3. Combining form of ツキ乙 (tuki2) above
Quotations

За наводе коришћења овог термина, видите Цитати:月.

Derived terms
Изведени термини

Вијетнамски


Han character

月: Hán Việt readings: nguyệt-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;bonet;genibrel (魚(ngư)厥(quyết)切(thiết)), ngoạt-gdhn;bonet;genibrel, nhục-tdcntd;bonet (而(nhi)六(lục)切(thiết))
月: Nôm readings: nguyệt-tdcndg;tdcntd;bonet;taberd, ngoạt-bonet;taberd, nhục-tdcntd;bonet

  1. Hán tự form of nguyệt, ngoạt, “moon; month”
  2. Hán tự form of nhục, “Alternative form of 肉 (“meat radical”)”

Compounds

References


Yaeyama

Kanji

月

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.

Pronunciation

Noun

月 (hiragana つぃきぃ, romaji tsïkï)

  1. the moon

Yonaguni

Kanji

月

Etymology

From Proto-Ryukyuan *tuki.

Pronunciation

Noun

月 (hiragana ってぃー, romaji ttī)

  1. the moon


月 (кинески)

 
Објашњење.

Изговор:

пинјин: yuè  
Аудио:  (датотека)
Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

⽉ 074

Значења:

...

Примери:

  „1. Дневника, глава 27”

—
  1. 1以色列 人的族長、千夫長、百夫長、和官長都分定班次、每班是二萬四千人、週年按月輪流、替換出入服事王。
    1. 1 Yǐsèliè rén de zúzhǎng, qiānfū zhǎng, bǎi fu zhǎng, hé guān zhǎng dōu fēn dìng bāncì, měi bān shì èr wàn sìqiān rén, zhōunián àn yuè lúnliú, tìhuàn chūrù fú shì wáng.
      1. 1. А синови Израиљеви по свом броју, главари домова отачких, хиљадници и стотиници и управитељи њихови, служаху цару у сваком послу у редовима, који долажаху и одлажаху од месеци до месеци, сваког месеца у години; а у сваком реду беше их двадесет и четири хиљаде.
        1. 4 Мој. 1:4, 1 Дн. 28:21, 1 Дн. 29:6, 2 Дн. 1:2
          1. 2

Синоними:

...🈷


Хомофони:

...

Серија: 系列#2404（月）： 月｜仴｜阴｜抈｜岄｜玥｜枂｜眀｜钥｜鈅｜蚏｜跀｜朙｜刖｜肜｜肎｜肻｜膋｜迌｜佾｜洕｜湇｜覇

Хомографи:

...

ХСК ниво:

...

Асоцијације:

...

Изведене речи:

...


Сродни чланци са Википедије:

月


Преводи

Референце

Шаблон:Kateg3 Шаблон:Kateg

曰 073 木 075
Проширени садржај
⠫
Преузето из „https://sr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=月&oldid=671216”