未然形
Kanji in this term | ||
---|---|---|
未 | 然 | 形 |
み Степен: 4 |
ぜん Степен: 4 |
けい Степен: 2 |
goon | kan'on |
Етимологија
Једињење од 未然 (mizen, literally “not yet occurred”) + 形 (kei, “form”). Historically called 将然言 (shōzengen), 未然段 (mizendan).[1]
Изговор
Именица
未然形 (mizenkei)
- (grammar) a Japanese verbal inflectional category: the irrealis form
- Indicates that something has not yet happened, or not yet begun.
Корисне белешке
This term is used in the traditional description of Japanese grammar. In 日本語教育文法, this is called the ない形 (-nai kei, “-nai form”) as it is used before the suffix ない (-nai). In the western analysis of Japanese grammar, it is not an inflected form but a derived stem, called for example the "a- stem" in Bjarke Frellesvig's works. Some analyses such as John R. Bentley's A Descriptive Grammar Of Early Old Japanese Prose even do not posit such a stem at all, instead analyzing the a as part of the suffix (e.g. yuk-azu instead of yuka-zu).
Повезани термини
- 已然形 (izenkei, “realis”)
- 仮定形 (kateikei, “conditional”)
- 終止形 (shūshikei, “conclusive”)
- 命令形 (meireikei, “imperative”)
- 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “adverbial”)
- 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive”)
Види и
Референце
- ↑ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Јапански), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- ↑ 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
- ↑ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Јапански), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- Shibatani, Masayoshi (1990) The languages of Japan, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 221-224