Викиречник

頭

Такође погледајте: 头
頭 U+982D, 頭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-982D
← 頬
[U+982C] 		ЦЈК јединствени идеограми 頮 →
[U+982E]

међународно


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Han character

頭 (Kangxi radical 181, 頁+7, 16 strokes, cangjie input 一廿一月金 (MTMBC), четири-угла 11186, composition ⿰豆頁)

Derived characters

Related characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1404, карактер 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 43490
  • Dae Jaweon: страна 1921, карактер 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: том 7, страна 4372, карактер 5
  • Unihan data за U+982D

Кинески


трад. 頭
једн. 头
алтернативне форме 䫁
𥘖
 
Wikipedia has articles on:
  • 頭 (Писано Стандардни Кинески?)
  • 頭 (Кантонски)
  • thèu (Hakka)
  • tàu (Мин Донг)
  • thâu (Мин Нан)
  • 头 (Ву)

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 頭
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (豆) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Стари Кинески
侸
剅
郖
鬪
鋀
頭
豆
逗
痘
梪
脰
荳
浢
餖
毭
豎
裋
短

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声 (xíngshēng)) : phonetic 豆 + semantic 頁／页 (“head”).

Etymology

Replaced earlier 首 (“head”) due to homophony with 手 (“hand”) (Sagart, 1999).

Several etymologies have been proposed:

Pronunciation 1

Нота: tau4-2 - “leader”.
Нота: heu3* - “leader”.
Нота:
  • thâu - vernacular;
  • thô͘/thiô - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Definitions

    頭

    1. (anatomy) head (Класификатор: 個／个 m c)
      我頭不再痛了。／我头不再痛了。  ―  Wǒ tóu bùzài tòng le.  ―  My head doesn't hurt any more.
    2. hair; hairstyle
      洗頭／洗头  ―  xǐtóu  ―  to wash one's hair
      把頭剃光／把头剃光  ―  bǎ tóu tì guāng  ―  to shave one's head
    3. beginning or end
      從頭開始／从头开始  ―  cóng tóu kāishǐ  ―  to start from the beginning
    4. top; tip; end
      山頭／山头  ―  shāntóu  ―  top of a mountain
      火柴頭／火柴头  ―  huǒchái tóu  ―  tip of a match
    5. chief; boss; leader Галицијски
      工頭／工头  ―  gōngtóu  ―  foreman
      你們的頭兒是誰？／你们的头儿是谁？  ―  Nǐmen de tóur shì shuí?  ―  Who is your leader?
    6. remnant; end
      布頭兒／布头儿  ―  bùtóur  ―  oddment
      煙頭／烟头  ―  yāntóu  ―  cigarette bud
    7. first; leading
      頭獎／头奖  ―  tóujiǎng  ―  first prize; biggest prize
      頭班車／头班车  ―  tóu bān chē  ―  first bus
    8. (used before a classifier or a numeral) first
      頭一遍／头一遍  ―  tóu yī biàn  ―  the first time
      頭三天／头三天  ―  tóu sān tiān  ―  the first three days
      頭幾個／头几个  ―  tóu jǐge  ―  the first few
    9. (Hakka, Min Nan, dated in Mainland China) station
      車頭／车头 [Min Nan]  ―  車-頭 [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  train station
    10. side; aspect
    11. Classifier for livestock. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
      我有兩頭豬。／我有两头猪。  ―  Wǒ yǒu liǎng tóu zhū.  ―  I have two pigs.
    12. (dialectal) Classifier for other animals.
    13. (Min Bei) Classifier for flowers.
    Synonyms

    Pronunciation 2

    Нота:
    • thâu - vernacular;
    • thô͘/thiô - literary;
    • thô - only used in 饅頭.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Шаблон:attn

    Definitions

    頭

    1. Suffix that forms nouns.
      1. Added to a noun.
        罐頭／罐头  ―  guàntou  ―  can; tin
        石頭／石头  ―  shítou  ―  rock
      2. Added to a locative word.
        裡頭／里头  ―  lǐtou  ―  inside
        前頭／前头  ―  qiántou  ―  front
      3. Added to a verb to form an abstract noun.
        念頭／念头  ―  niàntou  ―  thought; idea
      4. Added to an adjective to form an abstract noun.
        甜頭／甜头  ―  tiántou  ―  sweet taste; benefit

    Compounds

    Descendants

    References

    Јапански


    Kanji

    Lua грешка in Модул:languages at line 1302: The function getByCode expects a string as its first argument, but received nil..

    1. head
    2. counter for large animals

    Readings

    Compounds

    Etymology 1

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    あたま
    Степен: 2
    kun’yomi
     
    Јапански Википедија има an article на:
    Википедија ja
     
    Енглески Википедија има an article на:
    Википедија

    Probably from Old Japanese. First cited in the ten-volume Wamyō Ruijushō of 934 CE.[1]

    Unknown derivation. Theories include:

    • Compound of 天玉 (a tama, literally “heaven, sky + ball”). This is problematic phonetically, as 天 appears historically as ama or ame, not as just a
    • Compound of 当て間 (ate ma, literally “putting something in contact + space, gap”), referring to the head as a moxibustion point. This is also problematic phonetically, as the shift from ate to ata necessitates a change in meaning of the underlying verb. This is also problematic semantically, as the 間 (ma) term refers more specifically to a gap or space.
    • Compound of 貴間 (ate ma, literally “noble + space”), referring to the most important part of the body. However, the use of 間 (ma) in this way is again problematic. Moreover, 貴 (ate, “noble”) appears in The Tale of the Bamboo Cutter dating to the 900s CE, while 頭 (atama) with a sense of fontanelle appears in the Wamyō Ruijushō dated 938 CE, leaving insufficient time for either the semantic or phonetic drift required.[1][2]

    Historically, this term first appears with a sense of fontanelle, in reference to the soft place on the top of an infant's head where the bones of the skull have not yet fused. As such, a more likely derivation might be as a compound of 当た (ata, “not quite touching, not quite in contact”, possibly a fossilized 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of classical verb 当つ (atsu), root of modern 当たる (ataru, “to touch, to come into contact”)) +‎ 間 (ma, “space, gap, opening”).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(あたま) (atama) 

    1. head (body part)
      頭(あたま)が痛(いた)い。
      Atama ga itai.
      My head hurts.
    2. (anatomy, archaic, possibly obsolete) the fontanelle part of the skull
    Idioms

    Further reading

    Etymology 2

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    かしら
    Степен: 2
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    首 (head of a doll)

    From Old Japanese.[1] Found as a standalone noun in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, and as a counter in the Kojiki, dating to 712 CE.

    Pronunciation

    • The pitch accent for the counter depends on the preceding noun.

    Counter

    頭(かしら) (-kashira) 

    1. a head, as when counting people, or cattle or other livestock

    Noun

    頭(かしら) (kashira) 

    1. the head as a whole
    2. boss, leader
    3. top part of a Chinese character
    4. the head of a doll
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    かぶり
    Степен: 2
    kun’yomi

    Cognate with and shift in meaning from かぶり (kaburi, “covering; hat, crown”), spelled in kanji as 被り or 冠.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(かぶり) (kaburi) 

    1. head
    Idioms

    Etymology 4

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    かぶ
    Степен: 2
    irregular

    Cognate with 株(かぶ) (kabu, “stump; root”), from a general sense of lump.[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(かぶ) (kabu) 

    1. (obsolete) head
    Derived terms

    Etymology 5

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    つぶり
    Степен: 2
    irregular

    Cognate with 粒 (tsubu, “round thing”, such as a grain), 禿ぶ (tsubu, “to go bald”, from the idea of one's head becoming round), 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective), 潰れる (tsubureru, “to become rounded, as from wear and tear, or from crushing”).[1]

    Some sources[2] derive this as a shift from 円ら (tsubura, “round”, adjective). However, the phonology and semantics for this do not fit (changing /a/ to /i/, and repurposing the adjectivizing suffix ら to instead form a noun). The modern verb tsubureru had the form tsuburu in older stages of the language. The tsuburi reading for 頭 may more likely represent a nominalization derived from this older verb, following normal patterns for creating nouns from verbs.

    Compare Okinawan ちぶる (chiburu, “head”).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(つぶり) (tsuburi) 

    1. head

    Etymology 6

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    つむり
    Степен: 2
    irregular

    From tsuburi above. Bilabial plosive /b/ becomes bilabial nasal /m/.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(つむり) (tsumuri) 

    1. head
    2. hair of the head

    Etymology 7

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    つむ
    Степен: 2
    irregular

    Shortened from tsumuri above.[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(つむ) (tsumu) 

    1. head
    Derived terms

    Etymology 8

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    こうべ
    Степен: 2
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    首

    /kamipe/ → /kampe/ → /kaube/ → /kɔːbe/ → /koːbe/

    Compound of either 上 (kami, “upper”) or 髪 (kami, “hair”) (likely cognates) with the suffix 方 (pe, “location, direction”).[1][2][4]

    Alternatively, may be an alteration from 頭 (kabu, “head”) + 上 (ue, “up”).[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(こうべ) (kōbe) ←かうべ (kaube)?

    1. head
    Derived terms

    Etymology 9

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    どたま
    Степен: 2
    irregular

    Contraction of Lua грешка in Модул:compound at line 262: attempt to call field 'getNonEtymological' (a nil value)..

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(どたま) (dotama) 

    1. (derogatory) head
    Usage notes

    Often spelled in hiragana, as どたま.

    Etymology 10

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    ず
    Степен: 2
    goon

    /du/ → /d͡zu/ → /zu/

    From Middle Chinese 頭. The goon reading, so likely an earlier borrowing.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    頭(ず) (zu) ←づ (du)?

    1. head
    Usage notes

    This reading is more often found in compounds, such as 頭痛 (zutsū, “a headache”).

    Idioms

    Etymology 11

    Kanji in this term
    頭
    とう
    Степен: 2
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese 頭. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. The shift from initial /d/ to voiceless /t/ is due to influence or reborrowing from a later stage of the Chinese language. Compare modern Mandarin reading tóu, Cantonese tau4, Min Nan tao5.

    Pronunciation

    Counter

    頭(とう) or 頭(counter) (tō or counter) [[Category:Јапански Шаблон:error|とう]]

    1. counter for certain relatively large animals, or for livestock animals; "head"
      合(あ)わせて 1300(せんさんびゃく) 頭(とう)余(あま)りが出(しゅっ)荷(か)され、全(ぜん)国(こく)各(かく)地(ち)に流(りゅう)通(つう)した。
      Awasete sensanbyaku tō amari ga shukka sare, zenkoku kakuchi ni ryūtsū shita.
      Altogether over 1300 head of cattle have been distributed throughout the country.
      三(さん)頭(とう)の北(ホッ)極(キョク)熊(グマ)
      santō no Hokkyokuguma
      three polar bears
      一(いっ)頭(とう)の羊(ヒツジ)
      ittō no hitsuji
      one sheep
    2. counter for insects (used only in biology)
    See also
    Japanese number-counter combinations for 頭(とう) (tō)
    1 2 3 4 5
    一(いっ)頭(とう) (ittō) 二(に)頭(とう) (nitō) 三(さん)頭(とう) (santō) 四(よん)頭(とう) (yontō) 五(ご)頭(とう) (gotō)
    6 7 8 9 10
    六(ろく)頭(とう) (rokutō) 七(なな)頭(とう) (nanatō)
    七(しち)頭(とう) (shichitō)     		八(はっ)頭(とう) (hattō)
    八(はち)頭(とう) (hachitō)     		九(きゅう)頭(とう) (kyūtō) 十(じゅっ)頭(とう) (juttō)
    十(じっ)頭(とう) (jittō)
    100 1,000 10,000 How many?
    百(ひゃく)頭(とう) (hyakutō) 千(せん)頭(とう) (sentō) 一(いち)万(まん)頭(とう) (ichimantō) 何(なん)頭(とう) (nantō)

    Noun

    頭(とう) (tō) 

    1. head
    Derived terms

    References

    1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 1,2 1,3 1,4 1,5 1,6 1,7 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ↑ 2,00 2,01 2,02 2,03 2,04 2,05 2,06 2,07 2,08 2,09 2,10 2,11 2,12 2,13 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    3. ↑ 3,00 3,01 3,02 3,03 3,04 3,05 3,06 3,07 3,08 3,09 3,10 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
    4. ↑ 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

    Корејски


    Etymology

    From Middle Chinese 頭.

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation

    Hanja

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    Lua грешка in Модул:headword at line 442: In full_headword(), `data.translits` must be an array but is a string.

    1. Hanja form? of 두 (“head”).

    Compounds

    References

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Northern Amami-Oshima

    Etymology

    Cognate with mainland Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

    Kanji

    頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

    Noun

    頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

    1. head

    Oki-No-Erabu

    Etymology

    Cognate with mainland Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

    Kanji

    頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

    Noun

    頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

    1. head
    2. an intelligent person

    Okinawan

    Kanji

    頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

    Etymology

    Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

    Noun

    頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

    1. head
    2. an intelligent person

    Derived terms

    Изведени термини
    • 頭病ん (ちぶるやん, chiburuyan, “headache”)

    Southern Amami-Oshima

    Etymology

    Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

    Kanji

    頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

    Noun

    頭 (hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu)

    1. head

    Вијетнамски


    Han character

    1. Овај израз захтева дефиницију. Молим вас помозите и додајте превод, затим уклоните текст {{rfdef}}.

    Yaeyama

    Etymology

    Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

    Kanji

    頭 (hiragana つぶり, romaji tsuburi, hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu, hiragana つぃぶるぃ, romaji tsiburi)

    Noun

    頭 (hiragana つぶり, romaji tsuburi, hiragana つぃぶる, romaji tsiburu, hiragana つぃぶるぃ, romaji tsiburi)

    1. head

    Yoron

    Etymology

    Cognate with Јапански 頭 (tsuburi), dialectal 頭 (tsuburo), itself probably a compound of 粒 (tsubu, “round thing, such as a grain”) + ろ (ro, suffix indicating a state or condition).

    Kanji

    頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

    Noun

    頭 (hiragana ちぶる, romaji chiburu)

    1. head
    2. an intelligent person

    頭 (кинески)

     
    Објашњење.

    Изговор:

    пинјин: tóu  
    Аудио:  (датотека)
    Шаблон:zh-cir

    Радикал:

    頁 181

    Шаблон:Karakter

    Значења:

    ...

    Примери:

      „Откривење, глава 13”

    —
    1. 12 他在頭一個獸面前、施行頭一個獸所有的權柄．並且叫地和住在地上的人、拜那死傷醫好的頭一個獸。
      1. 12 Tā zài tóu yīgè shòu miànqián, shīxíng tou yīgè shòu suǒyǒu de quánbǐng. Bìngqiě jiào de hé zhù zài dìshàng de rén, bài nà sǐshāng yī hǎo de tóu yīgè shòu.
        1. 12. И сву власт прве звери чињаше пред њом; и учини да земља и који живе на њој поклони се првој звери којој се исцели рана смртна.
          1. Откр. 17:8
            1. 11 13

    Синоними:

    ...


    Хомофони:

    ...

    Серија:

    1. 系列#0381（豆）：

    Хомографи:

    ...

    ХСК ниво:

    ...

    Асоцијације:

    ...

    Изведене речи:

    ...


    Сродни чланци са Википедије:

    頭


    Преводи

    • Француски:
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    • Шпански:
    • Португалски:
    • Арапски:
    • Руски:
    • Грчки:
    • Бугарски:

    Референце

    • [archchinese.com [2]]
    • [Biblija [3]]
    • [wordproject.org [4]]
    Преузето из „https://sr.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=頭&oldid=674351”