sap
Енглески
ЕнглескиСистем
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Од Средњи Енглески sap, од Стари Енглески sæp (“juice, sap”), од Пра-Западно Германски *sap (“sap, juice”) (compare Холандски sap, Немачки Saft, Icelandic safi), from Proto-Indo-European *sab-, *sap- (“to taste”) (compare Велшки syb-wydd (“fir”), Латински sapa (“must, new wine”), Руски со́пли (sópli, “snivel”), Old Armenian համ (ham, “taste”), Avestan 𐬬𐬌-𐬱𐬁𐬞𐬀 (vi-šāpa, “having poisonous juices”), Санскрт सबर् (sabar, “juice, nectar”)). More at sage.
The longstanding practice of sapping trees influenced the sense evolution of the military term as trench warfare receded from public conscience.
Именица
sap (countable and uncountable, plural saps)
- (uncountable) The juice of plants of any kind, especially the ascending and descending juices or circulating fluid essential to nutrition.
- (uncountable) The sapwood, or alburnum, of a tree.
- Any juice.
- (figurative) Vitality.
- (slang, countable) A naive person; a simpleton.
- Синоними: milksop, saphead
- Look at the sap mowing our lawn while we pretend our own lawnmower is broken.
- 1997, “Don't Look Down”, in Curtains, performed by Tindersticks:
- She said I'm such a sap, I'm such a jerk / Can't I ever forget the way that we are / Spend all your time with your eyes on the ground / Looking for the stars
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
sap (third-person singular simple present saps, present participle sapping, simple past and past participle sapped)
- (transitive) To drain, suck or absorb from (tree, etc.).
- (transitive, figurative) To exhaust the vitality of.
Etymology 2
Probably from sapling.
Noun
sap (plural saps)
- (countable, US, slang) A short wooden club; a leather-covered hand weapon; a blackjack.
- 1944, William Faulkner, Leigh Brackett, Jules Furthman, The Big Sleep (screenplay)
- I risk my whole future, the hatred of the cops and Eddie Mars' gang. I dodge bullets and eat saps.
- 1944, William Faulkner, Leigh Brackett, Jules Furthman, The Big Sleep (screenplay)
Translations
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Verb
sap (third-person singular simple present saps, present participle sapping, simple past and past participle sapped)
- (transitive, slang) To strike with a sap (with a blackjack).
- 1944, William Faulkner, Leigh Brackett, Jules Furthman, The Big Sleep (screenplay)
- [A]s he passes the mouth of a narrow alley two men step out quickly. One of them saps Marlowe expertly — they drag him out of sight.
- 1964, Raymond Chandler, Killer in the Rain:
- And when he had me up there he would sap me again and I wouldn't remember anything that happened in between the two sappings.
- 1944, William Faulkner, Leigh Brackett, Jules Furthman, The Big Sleep (screenplay)
Translations
Etymology 3
From Француски saper (compare Шпански zapar and Италијански zappare) from sape (“sort of scythe”), from Late Latin sappa (“sort of mattock”).
Noun
sap (plural saps)
- (military) A narrow ditch or trench made from the foremost parallel toward the glacis or covert way of a besieged place by digging under cover of gabions, etc.
Derived terms
Translations
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Verb
sap (third-person singular simple present saps, present participle sapping, simple past and past participle sapped)
- (transitive) To subvert by digging or wearing away; to mine; to undermine; to destroy the foundation of.
- (transitive, military) To pierce with saps.
- (transitive) To make unstable or infirm; to unsettle; to weaken.
- 1850, Alfred Tennyson, Ring, Out, Wild Bells:
- Ring out the grief that saps the mind […]
- (transitive) To gradually weaken.
- to sap one’s conscience
- he saps my energy
- (intransitive) To proceed by mining, or by secretly undermining; to execute saps.
Translations
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Anagrams
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin *sappō, from Латински sappa. Compare Румунски săpa, sap, Француски saper, Италијански zappare, Sicilian zappari, Шпански zapar, Friulian sapâ, Venetian sapar, Латински sappa.
Verb
- to dig (with a pick)
Related terms
See also
Azerbaijani
Etymology 1
From Proto-Turkic *sạp-.
Noun
sap (definite accusative ?, plural ?)
Declension
Etymology 2
Noun
sap (definite accusative ?, plural ?)
Declension
Further reading
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the main entry.
Alternative forms
Etymology 2
Noun
sap m (plural saps)
- common heather
- Синоними: bruguerola, bronsa
Etymology 3
Verb
sap
- form of saber
Further reading
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch sap, from Old Dutch *sap, from Пра-Западно Германски *sap.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
sap n (plural sappen, diminutive sapje n)
- juice
- Hyponymи: aalbessensap, appelsap, citroensap, druivensap, sinaasappelsap, vruchtensap
- sap (fluid in plants)
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- ↑ J. de Vries & F. de Tollenaere, "Etymologisch Woordenboek", Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, Utrecht, 1986 (14de druk)
Anagrams
- pas (alphagram aps)
Hokkien
| За изговор и дефиниције од sap – види 圾. (Овај character, sap, је the Pe̍h-ōe-jī облик од 圾.) |
Кинески:Мин Нан Pe̍h-ōe-jī облици
| За изговор и дефиниције од sap – види 屑. (Овај character, sap, је the Pe̍h-ōe-jī облик од 屑.) |
Кинески:Мин Нан Pe̍h-ōe-jī облици
| За изговор и дефиниције од sap – види 雪. (Овај character, sap, је the Pe̍h-ōe-jī облик од 雪.) |
Кинески:Мин Нан Pe̍h-ōe-jī облици
| За изговор и дефиниције од sap – види 霎. (Овај character, sap, је the Pe̍h-ōe-jī облик од 霎.) |
Кинески:Мин Нан Pe̍h-ōe-jī облици
| За изговор и дефиниције од sap – види 歃. (Овај character, sap, је the Pe̍h-ōe-jī облик од 歃.) |
Kholosi
Etymology
Noun
sap ?
References
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Стари Енглески sæp, from Пра-Западно Германски *sap, from Proto-Indo-European *sep-.
Pronunciation
Noun
sap (uncountable)
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “sā̆p(e” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Polish
Pronunciation
Verb
sap
Romani
Etymology
From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀲𑀧𑁆𑀧 (sappa), from Санскрт सर्प (sarpá, “snake”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarpás. Cognate with Punjabi ਸੱਪ (sappa, “snake”).
Pronunciation
Noun
- snake
- Kana sas anθ-o veś, jekh sap dandardǎs man.
- While I was in the woods, a snake bit me.
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “sap”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 766
- Yaron Matras (2002) “Historical and linguistic origins”, in Romani: A Linguistic Introduction[2], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 40
- Yūsuke Sumi (2018) “sap, ~a”, in ニューエクスプレスプラス ロマ（ジプシー）語 [New Express Plus Romani (Gypsy)] (in Јапански), Tokyo: Hakusuisha, published 2021, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 154
Romanian
Pronunciation
Verb
sap
Tausug
Etymology
Позајмљено од Малајски cap.
Noun
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish صاپ (sap, “handle; stalk; hair”), from Proto-Turkic *sạp (“handle”). Cognate with Old Turkic [script needed] (sap).
Pronunciation
Adjective
- (slang) not having a significant other
Noun
sap (definite accusative sapı, plural saplar)
Declension
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sappi.
Noun
sap
Declension
Volapük
Etymology
Позајмљено од Латински sapiō (“I am wise”).
Pronunciation
Noun
sap
Zhuang
Pronunciation
- Lua грешка in Модул:IPA at line 94: Must now supply a table of arguments to format_IPA_full(); first argument should be that table, not a language object.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Tai *saːpᴰ (“cockroach”). Cognate with Тајски สาบ (sàap), Lao ສາບ (sāp), Shan သၢပ်ႇ (sàap), Bouyei saabt.
Noun
sap (old orthography sap)
Etymology 2
Verb
sap (old orthography sap)