聞く

Јапански

Kanji in this term
聞
き Степен: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
聴く 訊く

Етимологија {{{2}}}

From Old Japanese. First appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE in its 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”), spelled in phonetic man'yōgana as 岐加受 (kikazu). Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kiku.

Cognates

In the Ryukyuan branch of Japonic, cognate with Kikai 聞きゅい (kikyui), Kunigami 聞ちゅん (hichun, shichun), Miyako 聞きぃ (ksïksï), Northern Amami Ōshima 聞きゅり (kikyuri), Okinawan 聞ちゅん (chichun), Oki-No-Erabu 聞きゅん (kikyun), Southern Amami-Oshima 聞きゅむっ (xikyum), Toku-No-Shima 聞き (kiki), Yaeyama 聞くん (sïkun), Yonaguni 聞ん (kkun), and Yoron 聞きゅん (kikyun).

Изговор

• () きく [kìkú] (Heiban – [0])
• МФА^(кључ): [kʲi̥kɯ̟ᵝ]

• Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of "聞く"

Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形)	聞く	きく	[kìkú]
Imperative (命令形)	聞け	きけ	[kìké]
Key constructions
Passive	聞かれる	きかれる	[kìkárérú]
Causative	聞かせる	きかせる	[kìkásérú]
Potential	聞ける	きける	[kìkérú]
Volitional	聞こう	きこー	[kìkóꜜò]
Negative	聞かない	きかない	[kìkánáí]
Negative perfective	聞かなかった	きかなかった	[kìkánáꜜkàttà]
Formal	聞きます	ききます	[kìkímáꜜsù]
Perfective	聞いた	きいた	[kìítá]
Conjunctive	聞いて	きいて	[kìíté]
Hypothetical conditional	聞けば	きけば	[kìkéꜜbà]

Глагол

聞(き)く (kiku) 

Japanese verb pair
active	聞く
mediopassive	聞こえる

1. 聞く, 聴く: to hear, to listen

   よく聞(き)くとセミの鳴(な)き声(ごえ)が聞(き)こえる。

   Yoku kiku to semi no nakigoe ga kikoeru.

   If you listen closely, you can hear the cicadas.

   そんなの聞(き)いたことないぞ。

   Sonna no kīta koto nai zo.

   Never heard of such a thing, dude.

2. 聞く: to obey

   言(い)うことを聞(き)かない

   iu koto o kikanai

   to be disobedient

   (literally, “to not listen to what is said”)

3. 聞く, 訊く: to ask a question

   お母(かあ)さんに聞(き)いたら、だめだって。

   Okāsan ni kiitara, dame da tte.

   When I asked my mom, she said no.

   道(みち)に迷(まよ)った彼(かれ)は、私(わたし)に聞(き)いた。

   Michi ni mayotta kare wa, watashi ni kiita.

   Since he was lost he asked me the way.

4. 聞く: to smell, sniff

   香(こう)を聞(き)く

   kō o kiku

   to smell the incense

   • Шаблон:RQ:Nippo Jisho

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "聞く" (カ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	聞か	きか	kika
Continuative (連用形)	聞き	きき	kiki
Terminal (終止形)	聞く	きく	kiku
Attributive (連体形)	聞く	きく	kiku
Realis (已然形)	聞け	きけ	kike
Imperative (命令形)	聞け	きけ	kike
Key constructions
Negative	聞かず	きかず	kikazu
Contrasting conjunction	聞けど	きけど	kikedo
Causal conjunction	聞けば	きけば	kikeba
Conditional conjunction	聞かば	きかば	kikaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	聞きき	ききき	kikiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	聞きけり	ききけり	kikikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	聞きつ	ききつ	kikitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	聞きぬ	ききぬ	kikinu
Perfect-continuative tense	聞けり 聞きたり	きけり ききたり	kikeri kikitari
Volitional	聞かむ	きかむ	kikamu

Synonyms

• (ask): 尋(たず)ねる (tazuneru)

Related terms

• 聞(き)こえる (kikoeru): hear

See also

• 視(し)聴(ちょう)する (shichō suru): (verb) watch and listen (at TV or Video)

References

• .