茶

Takođe pogledajte: 苶 i 荼

茶 U+8336, 茶 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8336 ← 茵 [U+8335] CJK Unified Ideographs 茷 → [U+8337]

茶 U+F9FE, 茶 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9FE ← 什 [U+F9FD] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 刺 → [U+F9FF]

međunarodno

Redosled pisanja

Han karakteri

茶 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 廿人木 (TOD), četiri-ugla 4490₄, composition ⿳艹𠆢朩(GV) or ⿳艹𠆢木(HTJK))

Reference

• KangXi: page 1029, karakter 4
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 30915
• Dae Jaweon: strana 1488, karakter 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 5, strana 3207, karakter 2
• Unihan data za U+8336

• Unihan data za U+F9FE

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Kineski

trad.		茶
jedn. #		茶
alternativne forme		𣘻 𦯬 荼

Glyph origin

Znakovi u istom fonetskom nizu (余) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Stari Kineski
斜
茶
荼
梌
搽
塗
佘
賒
畬
舍
捨
騇
涻
稌
悇
庩
捈
途
酴
駼
鵌
涂
嵞
峹
筡
蒤
徐
俆
叙
漵
除
篨
滁
蒢
蜍
鵨
瑹
余
餘
艅
狳
雓
悆

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声 (xíngshēng)) : semantic 艹 + phonetic 余.

茶 originates as a graphical modification of archaic 荼 (“bitter plant”), used for “tea” in classical sources.

Etimologija

As tea may have originated from Sichuan, where the native Yi people speak Loloish languages, Sagart (1999) suggests that the Old Chinese item was possibly originally borrowed from Proto-Loloish *la¹ (“tea”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf; tea”). Schuessler (2007) traces its ultimate origin to Proto-Austroasiatic *sla (“leaf”) (compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *slaʔ).

Alternatively, Qiu (1988) suggests that it might be a semantic extension of 荼 (“bitter plant”).

Izgovor

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinjin): chá (cha²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): ca²

  (Dungan, Ćirilica and Wiktionary): ca (I)

• Kantonski

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): caa⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): ca³

• Gan (Vikirečnik): ca²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhà

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ca²

• Jin (Wiktionary): ca¹
• Min Bei (KCR): dâ
• Min Dong (BUC): dà
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): tê / têe / tiêe / tâ / chhâ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dê⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): zo (T3)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): za²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinjin: chá
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄚˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: char
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chá
    • Wade–Giles: chʻa2
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ca²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: ca
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /t͡sʰa²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Ćirilica and Vikirečnik: ca (I)
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /t͡sʰaː²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Kantonski
  • (Standard Kantonski, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: caa⁴
    • Yale: chàh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaa⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ca⁴
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑː²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Vikirečnik: ca³
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /t͡sʰa²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ca²
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /t͡sʰa²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhà
    • Hakka Romanization System: caˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ca²
    • IPA: /t͡sʰa¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ca²
    • IPA: /t͡sʰa¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Vikirečnik: ca¹
    • Sinological MFA (old-style): /t͡sʰa¹¹/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dâ
    • Sinological MFA ^(key): /ta³³/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dà
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ta⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Changtai, General Taiwanese, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tê
    • Tâi-lô: tê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dee
    • MFA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Changtai, Taipei, Singapore): /te²⁴/
    • MFA (Kaohsiung): /te²³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: têe
    • Tâi-lô: têe
    • MFA (Zhangpu): /tɛ²¹³/
    • MFA (Zhangzhou): /tɛ¹³/
    • MFA (Penang): /tɛ²³/
  • (Hokkien: Longyan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiêe
    • Tâi-lô: tiêe
    • MFA (Longyan): /tiɛ¹¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tâ
    • Tâi-lô: tâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daa
    • MFA (Kaohsiung): /ta²³/
    • MFA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Taipei): /ta²⁴/
    • MFA (Zhangzhou): /ta¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhâ
    • Tâi-lô: tshâ
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaa
    • MFA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰa²⁴/
    • MFA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰa¹³/
    • MFA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰa²³/

Nota:

• tê/têe - vernacular;
• tâ, chhâ - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: dê⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tê
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /te⁵⁵/

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: zo (T3)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̻o²³/

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: za²
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sa̠¹³/

Definicije

茶

1. tea (plant, leaves)

   種茶／种茶  ―  zhòng chá  ―  to grow tea

2. tea (beverage made by infusing tea leaves in hot water)

   綠茶／绿茶  ―  lǜchá  ―  green tea

   沏茶  ―  qīchá  ―  to make tea

   一杯茶  ―  yī bēi chá  ―  a cup of tea

3. certain kinds of beverage or liquid food

   涼茶／凉茶  ―  liángchá  ―  Chinese herb tea

   冬瓜茶  ―  dōngguāchá  ―  winter melon punch

   杏仁茶  ―  xìngrénchá  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)

4. Chinese medicine

   午時茶／午时茶  ―  wǔshíchá  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)

5. yum cha

   早茶  ―  zǎochá  ―  morning yum cha

   去茶樓飲餐茶 [Cantonese, trad.]
   去茶楼饮餐茶 [Cantonese, simp.]

   heoi³ caa⁴ lau⁴ jam² caan¹ caa⁴ [Jyutping]

   to go yumcha at a dim sum restaurant

6. (obsolete) a moment (the time it takes to drink a cup of tea)
7. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese, Gan, Xiang, Wu) boiled or boiling water
8. A prezime​..

Sinonimi

• The dial-syn page 「茶」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

• The dial-syn page 「開水」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

Jedinjenja

• Vidi 茶/izvedeni termini § Tea (Chinese).

Prethodnici

• Vidi 茶/izvedeni termini § Tea (Chinese).

Reference

• Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03475

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Japanski

Kanji

1. tea

Readings

• Go-on: じゃ (ja)^{←ぢや (dya, historical)}
• Kan-on: た (ta)
• Tō-on: さ (sa, Jōyō)
• Kan’yō-on: ちゃ (cha, Jōyō)

Jedinjenja

Jedinjenja

• お茶(ちゃ) (ocha): tea
• 烏(ウー)竜(ロン)茶(ちゃ) (ūroncha): oolong tea
• 喫(きっ)茶(さ)店(てん) (kissaten): tearoom; café
• 紅(こう)茶(ちゃ) (kōcha): black tea
• 古(こ)茶(ちゃ) (kocha): tea from last year
• 粉(こな)茶(ちゃ) (konacha): dust tea
• 新(しん)茶(ちゃ) (shincha): new tea of the year
• 茶(ちゃ)色(いろ) (chairo): brown
• 茶(ちゃ)園(えん) (chaen): tea plantation
• 茶(ちゃ)会(かい) (chakai): tea party
• 茶(ちゃ)器(き) (chaki): teaware

• 茶(ちゃ)匙(さじ) (chasaji): teaspoon
• 茶(ちゃ)の湯(ゆ) (chanoyu): tea ceremony
• 茶(ちゃ)畑(ばたけ) (chabatake): tea plantation
• 品(ひん)茶(ちゃ) (hincha): tea evaluation; a game of drinking varieties of tea and guessing them correctly
• 焙(ほう)じ茶(ちゃ) (hōjicha): roasted green tea
• 抹(まっ)茶(ちゃ) (matcha): maccha, matcha
• 無(む)茶(ちゃ) (mucha): reckless
• 緑(りょく)茶(ちゃ) (ryokucha): green tea

Etymology

茶 (cha): a cup of tea.

Kanji in this term
茶
ちゃ Stepen: 2
kan’yōon

From various dialects of Middle Chinese 茶. Compare modern Mandarin reading chá, Hakka chhà, Cantonese caa⁴.

Noun

茶(ちゃ) (cha) 

1. tea (not used in isolation in modern Japanese)
2. brown

Usage notes

This term is not used on its own in modern Japanese. For the tea sense, this is used either with the honorific prefix お (o-), or in a compound such as 茎茶 (kukicha, literally “stem tea”) or 緑茶 (ryokucha, “green tea”).

• お茶(ちゃ)はいかがですか。

  Ocha wa ikaga desuka.

  How about some tea? (Would you like some tea?)

For the brown sense, this is used with the color suffix 色 (-iro), as in 茶色 (chairo, “brown”, literally “tea color”).

Synonyms

• 茗(めい) (mei) (rare)

Descendants

• → Ainu: チャ (ca)
• → Nivkh: ča (ț’a)

See also

• 湯(ゆ) (yu): hot water; (by extension) tea

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Korejski

Etymology 1

From Early Mandarin 茶. Compare modern Mandarin reading chá, Hakka chhà, Cantonese caa⁴.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕʰa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [차]

Hanja

Wikisource

1. Hanja form^? of 차 (“tea”).

Usage notes

This reading is used as a standalone word to mean "tea."

Compounds

Compounds

• 차례 (茶禮, charye, “ancestral rites; Charye”)
• 녹차 (綠茶, nokcha)
• 말차 (抹茶, malcha)
• 홍차 (紅茶, hongcha)
• 찻잔 (茶盞, chatjan)
• 차반 (茶盤, chaban)
• 냉차 (冷茶, naengcha, “iced tea”)
• 찻장 (茶欌, chatjang, “tea cabinet”)
• 차구 (茶具, chagu)

Etymology 2

From Middle Chinese 茶.

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448	땅 (Yale: ttà)
Middle Korean
Text	Eumhun
	Gloss (hun)	Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[1]	차 (Yale: chà)	다 (Yale: tà)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [ta̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [다]

Hanja

1. (only in compounds) Hanja form^? of 다 (“tea”).
2. (only in compounds) Hanja form^? of 다 (“brown”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 다식 (茶食, dasik)
• 다과 (茶菓, dagwa)
• 다기 (茶器, dagi)
• 다구 (茶具, dagu)
• 다방 (茶房, dabang)
• 다화 (茶話, dahwa, “tea-table talk”)
• 다색 (茶色, dasaek)
• 끽다 (喫茶, kkikda)
• 다소 (茶素, daso, “caffeine”)
• 다과회 (茶菓會, dagwahoe, “tea club”)
• 다반사 (茶飯事, dabansa, “everyday affair”)
• 다갈색 (茶褐色, dagalsaek)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

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Vijetnamski

Han character

茶: Hán Việt readings: trà-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn;tvctdhv;hvttd;tchvtd
茶: Nôm readings: trà-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn, chè-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn, chà-tdcndg, sà-tdcndg, già-tdcndg;tdcntd, chòe-tdcndg;tdcntd/choè-tdcndg;tdcntd

1. Hán tự form of trà, “tea”
2. Šablon:nom form of

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茶 (kineski)

Izgovor:

pinjin: chá  

Audio:

(datoteka)

Šablon:zh-cir

Radikal:

草 140

Značenja:

1. čaj

Primeri:

1. 请你给我倒杯茶。Molim te dodaj mi šolju čaja.
2. 茶太酽。Čaj je prejak.

Homofoni:

• 查 - ispitati, istražiti, konsultovati

Tibetanski:ཇ

Švedski:te

HSK nivo:

• 1

Reference

Pleco

• [hsk.academy [3]] 9 11