中央

центар

Кинески

центар (српски, lat. centar)

		middle; center; within middle; center; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)	center; to implore
трад. (中央)		中	央
једн. #(中央)		中	央

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhōngyāng

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung¹ joeng¹

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tûng-ông / chûng-yông
• Northern Min (KCR): dô̤ng-ó̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): dṳ̆ng-iŏng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tiong-ng / tiong-iong / tiong-iang / teng-eng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): dong¹ iang¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹tson-ian

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhōngyāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhongyang
    • Wade–Giles: chung¹-yang¹
    • Yale: jūng-yāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jongiang
    • Palladius: чжунъян (čžunʺjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zung¹ joeng¹
    • Yale: jūng yēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung¹ joeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung¹ yêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tûng-ông / chûng-yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung´ ong´ / zung´ iong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ ong¹ / zung¹ yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ oŋ²⁴/, /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ i̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tûng-ông / chûng-yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: dung´ ong´ / zung´ (r)iong´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: dung¹ ong¹ / zung¹ yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /tuŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ oŋ²⁴/, /t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i̯oŋ²⁴/

Note:

• tûng-ông - vernacular ("centre");
• chûng-yông - literary ("central authorities").

• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dô̤ng-ó̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɔŋ³³ ɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dṳ̆ng-iŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tyŋ⁵⁵ ^(Ø-)ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Kinmen, Magong, Philippines, Penang, Singapore)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong-ng
    • Tâi-lô: tiong-ng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diongngf
    • IPA (Penang): /tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ ŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Lukang, Philippines): /tiɔŋ³³ ŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kinmen, Singapore): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Yilan): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋ̍⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Lukang, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong-iong
    • Tâi-lô: tiong-iong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diong'iofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Lukang): /tiɔŋ³³ iɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiong-iang
    • Tâi-lô: tiong-iang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diong'iafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² iaŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: teng-eng
    • Tâi-lô: ting-ing
    • Phofsit Daibuun: deng'efng
    • IPA (Yilan): /tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• tiong-ng - vernacular ("centre");
• tiong-iong/tiong-iang ("central authorities") - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: dong¹ iang¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tong iang
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /toŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹tson-ian
    • MiniDict: tson^平 ian
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tson-ian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soŋ⁵⁵ iã²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /ʈɨuŋ/

Rime
Character	中
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	陟弓切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈuwŋ/
Li Rong	/ȶiuŋ/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zung1

Noun

中央

1. centre (of all sides, ends, surfaces, etc.); middle (of a road)

   在球場中央／在球场中央  ―  zài qiúchǎng zhōngyāng  ―  in the centre of the field

   在馬路中央／在马路中央  ―  zài mǎlù zhōngyāng  ―  in the middle of the road

   • 溯游從之，宛在水中央。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     溯游从之，宛在水中央。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Sùyóu cóng zhī, wǎn zài shuǐ zhōngyāng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. central authorities

   中央廣播電視塔／中央广播电视塔  ―  zhōngyāng guǎngbō diànshìtǎ  ―  Central Radio & TV Tower

   中共中央宣傳部／中共中央宣传部  ―  zhōnggòng zhōngyāng xuānchuán bù  ―  Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China

   • 停車棗園路，記從前，人民革命，中央曾駐。 [Ci, trad.]
     停车枣园路，记从前，人民革命，中央曾驻。 [Ci, simp.]

     From: 1959 October, Chen Yi, 《棗園曲》

     Tíngchē Zǎoyuán lù, jì cóngqián, rénmín gémìng, zhōngyāng céng zhù. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. monarch; imperial government

Synonyms

• (centre): 當心／当心, 當中／当中, 核心, 中心, 中間／中间; (Min Nan) 半中央, 半中站

• The dial-syn page 「中間」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!
• (central authorities): 中樞／中枢

Adjective

中央

1. (attributive) central

   中央政府的權威受到削弱。 [MSC, trad.]
   中央政府的权威受到削弱。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhōngyāng zhèngfǔ dí quánwēi shòudào xuēruò. [Pinyin]

   The authority of the central government has been weakened.

   • 同胞們，中華人民共和國中央人民政府今天成立了！ [MSC, trad.]
     同胞们，中华人民共和国中央人民政府今天成立了！ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1949 October 10, Mao Zedong

     Tóngbāomen, Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó Zhōngyāng Rénmín Zhèngfǔ jīntiān chénglì liǎo! [Pinyin]

     Dear comrades! Today, I hereby declare the formal establishment of the People's Republic of China and its Central People's Government!

   多民族中央集權國家 [MSC, trad.]
   多民族中央集权国家 [MSC, simp.]

   duōmínzú zhōngyāng jíquán guójiā [Pinyin]

   multiethnic, centralized state

Proper noun

中央

1. (～市)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (中央):

• → Јапански: 中(ちゅう)央(おう) (chūō)
• → Корејски: 중앙(中央) (jung'ang)
• → Вијетнамски: trung ương (中央)

See also

• 中間／中间
• 中心

References

• “Entry #13644”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Мандарин and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.

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центар

Јапански

центар (српски, lat. centar)

Kanji in this term
中	央
ちゅう Степен: 1	おう Степен: 3
on'yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 中央 (MC ʈɨuŋ, “lit. centre”).

Pronunciation

• () ちゅうおー [chùúóꜜò] (Nakadaka – [3])
• IPA^(кључ): [t͡ɕɨᵝːo̞ː]

Noun

中(ちゅう)央(おう) (chūō) ^{←ちゆうあう (tyuuau)?}

1. center/centre, middle

   宮崎(みやざき)市(し)は、宮崎県(みやざきけん)のほぼ中(ちゅう)央(おう)にある市(し)で県庁所(けんちょうしょ)在(ざい)地(ち)、中(ちゅう)核(かく)市(し)である。

   Miyazaki-shi wa, Miyazaki-ken no hobo chūō ni aru shi de kenchō shozaichi, chūkaku shi de aru.

   Miyazaki city is roughly in the centre/center of Miyazaki prefecture, and is its main city and capital.

Proper noun

中(ちゅう)央(おう) (Chūō) 

See also

• 中(ちゅう)心(しん) (chūshin)

References

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN 4095102535.

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центар

Корејски

центар (српски, lat. centar)

Hanja in this term
中	央

Noun

中央 (jung'ang) (hangeul 중앙)

1. Hanja form^? of 중앙 (“center; middle”).

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центар

Вијетнамски

центар (српски, lat. centar)

Hán tự in this word
中	央

Adjective

中央

1. Hán tự form of trung ương, “central”