在
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Редослед писања | |||
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Редослед писања | |||
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Han character
在 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 大中土 (KLG), четири-угла 40214, composition ⿸𠂇⿰丨土)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: не постоји, would follow page 224, карактер 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 4881
- Dae Jaweon: страна 455, карактер 14
- Hanyu Da Zidian: том 1, страна 418, карактер 7
- Unihan data за U+5728
Further reading
Glyph origin
Историјски облици карактера 在 | |||||
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Shang | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
Знакови у истом фонетском низу (才) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Стари Кинески | |
茬 | |
材 | |
才 | |
財 | |
鼒 | |
在 | |
豺 |
Phonetic compound (): phonetic 才 + phonetic 士.
Now phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声) : phonetic 才 + semantic 土 (“earth”).
在 was often visually identical to 才 (“sprout”) in the oracle bone script and some of the bronze inscriptions. It may be either a phonetic loan or a figurative derivative.
Etymology 1
једн. and трад. |
在 | |
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alternative forms |
Probably related to 栽 (“to plant”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Ова etymology је некомплетна. Можете да помогнете Викиречнику тако што ћете разрадити извор овог израза .
Pronunciation
Lua грешка in Модул:wuu-pron at line 162: Incorrect tone notation "3" for sh. See WT:AZH/Wu..
Definitions
在
- to exist; to be alive
- 父在,觀其志;父沒,觀其行。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Analects of Confucius, c. 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Fù zài, guān qí zhì; fù mò, guān qí xíng. [Pinyin]
- While a man's father is alive, look at the bent of his will; when his father is dead, look at his conduct.
父在,观其志;父没,观其行。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- to be at; to be in; to be located
- be ...-ing; in the middle of doing something (indicating an action in progress)
- (located) in; at
- during; in
- to lie in; to rest with
- to be at the post
- Шаблон:zh-misspelling of
- A презиме..
Synonyms
- (to exist):
Lua грешка in Модул:zh/templates at line 180: attempt to index local 'content' (a nil value).
- (in):
- The dial-syn page 「在」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!
- (during):
- The dial-syn page 「正在」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!
Compounds
Lua грешка in Модул:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead..
Etymology 2
једн. and трад. |
在 |
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Pronunciation
Lua грешка in Модул:zh-pron at line 947: attempt to call upvalue 'explode_chars' (a nil value).
Definitions
在
References
- Multi-function Chinese Character Database (漢語多功能字庫)
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00743
Kanji
Readings
Compounds
Noun
在 (zai)
- Clipping of 在郷 (zaigō): countryside or outskirts
Prefix
在 or 在 (zai or prefix) [[Категорија:Јапански Шаблон:error|さい]]
- residing in
Hanja
Compounds
Old Korean
Alternative forms
Verb
在 (*KYE-)
- to exist, to be at
- Синоним: 有叱 (*Is-)
- A common auxiliary verb or (more probably) verbal suffix, usually thought to denote the completive aspect, i.e. describing an action which has been completed and remains in such a state. An alternative but minority hypothesis holds that it honored the subject of the verb to a moderate degree, whereas 賜 (*-si) was more highly honorific.
Usage notes
- In both senses, it appears to have been wholly supplanted by the Middle Korean stage by 有叱 (*Is-) > Middle Korean 잇다〮 (ìstá), which is already more common for the independent verbal sense in the early first millennium and is first attested as an auxiliary in 1262. The word is not found in Middle Korean outside the two derived terms given below.
Reconstruction notes
- Conventionally read as *KYE- because Middle Korean Idu script manuals, which commonly preserve Old Korean readings, read this character as 견 (kyen), which is clearly an inflected form with the realis gerund ㄴ (-n).
- Although Old Korean writing does not mark pitch, the Middle Korean reflexes show rising pitch, which are the result of a merger of a low-pitch and high-pitch syllable. This means that the Old Korean verb stem was not in fact monosyllabic *kye- but really consisted of two syllables. However, this original pronunciation cannot be reconstructed.
Descendants
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 겨〯시다〮 (kyěsìtá, “to exist, to be at”, honorific)
- Корејски: 계시다 (gyesida)
- ⇒ Middle Korean: 겨〯집 (kyěcìp, “woman”, literally “stay-at-home”)
- Корејски: 계집 (gyejip)
References
- 이승재 (2001), “'"`UNIQtemplatestyles00000021QINU`"'
古 代 吏 讀 의尊 敬 法 '在 [겨]'에 대하여 [On the deferential marker -kye- in Old Korean idu]”, in Eomun yeon-gu, volume 29, issue 4, pages 53—70 - 남풍현 (2004), “시상의 조동사 '在/𠂇/겨'의 발달' [The development of the aspectual auxiliary kye-]”, in Gugeo gukmunhak, volume 138, pages 5—34
Han character
在: Hán Việt readings: tại
在: Nôm readings: tại
在 (кинески)
Изговор:
- пинјин: zài
Шаблон:zh-cirАудио: (датотека)
Радикал:
- 土 32
Значења:
- živeti
- biti, jeste
- u, na
- sada, trenutno
Примери:
- 精神永在。 Duh će živeti zauvek.
- 你的书在桌子上。 Tvoja knjiga je na stolu.
- 我的父母在纽约。 Moji roditelji su u Njujorku.
- 他们在看电视。 Oni gledaju TV.
Синоними:
- ...
Хомофони:
Хомографи:
- ...
ХСК ниво:
- 1
Асоцијације:
- ...
Изведене речи:
Сродни чланци са Википедије:
Преводи
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Референце
- Collins Chinese Dictionary