四

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四	U+56DB, 四 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-56DB

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[U+56DA]

CJK jedinstveni ideogrami

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四

međunarodno

Redosled pisanja

Han character

四 (Kangxi radical 31, 囗+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 田金 (WC), četiri-ugla 6021₀, composition ⿴囗⿰丿㇄(GHTV) or ⿴囗儿(JK))

Shuowen Jiezi radical №503

Derived characters

References

KangXi: page 216, karakter 22
Dai Kanwa Jiten: karakter 4682
Dae Jaweon: strana 439, karakter 21
Hanyu Da Zidian: tom 1, strana 710, karakter 16
Unihan data za U+56DB

Kineski

jedn. and trad.		四
alternativne forme		肆 financial 亖皿龱𠁤肆 financial 亖皿龱𠁤𠃢𦉭

Wikipedia has articles on:

四 (Pisano Standardni Kineski^?)
四 (Kantonski)

Glyph origin

Istorijski oblici karaktera 四
Shang		Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)			Liushutong (compiled in Ming)	Libian (compiled in Qing)
Bronze inscriptions	Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Shizhoupian script	Ancient script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts	Clerical script

Znakovi u istom fonetskom nizu (四) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Stari Kineski
訵
四
泗
駟
柶
牭
呬

The word "four" was written as 亖 before Western Zhou and 四 appeared in late Spring and Autumn period. This alternative form was used to prevent confusion of 亖 and 二 or 三 in vertical writing. It was standardized in Qin dynasty.

The bronzeware style of the character featured a repositioning of those four lines inside 口; this later evolved into the combination used today of 口 (“mouth”) and 八 (“divide”) which meant a dispersal of breath. It could thus be said that four is a borrowed meaning for this character. The original sense is preserved in 呬, by adding an extra 口.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b-ləj.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinjin): sì (si⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄙˋ

(Chengdu, SP): si⁴

(Dungan, Ćirilica and Wiktionary): sы (III)
Kantonski
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): sei³, si³

(Taishan, Wiktionary): lhei¹
Gan (Vikirečnik): si⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): si

(Meixian, Guangdong): xi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): si³
Min Bei (KCR): si̿
Min Dong (BUC): sé / sé̤ṳ
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sì / sù / sìr

(Teochew, Peng'im): si³
Wu (Wiktionary): sr (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): sr⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinjin: sì
  - Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
  - Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴
  - Sinological MFA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: si⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: s
  - Sinological MFA ^(key): /sz̩²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Ćirilica and Vikirečnik: sы (III)
  - Sinological MFA ^(key): /sɨː⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Kantonski
- (Standard Kantonski, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: sei³, si³
  - Yale: sei, si
  - Cantonese Pinyin: sei³, si³
  - Guangdong Romanization: séi³, xi³
  - Sinological MFA ^(key): /sei̯³³/, /siː³³/

Nota:

sei3 - vernacular;
si3 - literary (rare).

(Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Vikirečnik: lhei¹
- Sinological MFA ^(key): /ɬei³³/

Gan

(Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: si⁴
- Sinological MFA ^(key): /sz̩³⁵/

Hakka

(Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: si
- Hakka Romanization System: xi
- Hagfa Pinyim: xi⁴
- IPA: /ɕi⁵⁵/
(Meixian)
- Guangdong: xi⁴
- IPA: /ɕi⁵³/

Jin

(Taiyuan)⁺
- Vikirečnik: si³
- Sinological MFA (old-style): /sz̩⁴⁵/

Min Bei

(Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: si̿
- Sinological MFA ^(key): /si³³/

Min Dong

(Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sé / sé̤ṳ
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɛi²¹³/, /søy²¹³/

Nota:

sé - vernacular;
sé̤ṳ - literary.

Min Nan

(Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Hui'an, Changtai, Zhangpu, Longyan, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sì
- Tâi-lô: sì
- Phofsit Daibuun: six
- MFA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Hui'an, Changtai, Kaohsiung, Singapore, Penang): /ɕi²¹/
- MFA (Longyan): /ɕi²¹³/
- MFA (Zhangpu, Taipei): /ɕi¹¹/
- MFA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /ɕi⁴¹/
(Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Penang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sù
- Tâi-lô: sù
- Phofsit Daibuun: sux
- MFA (Zhangpu, Taipei): /su¹¹/
- MFA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Kaohsiung, Singapore, Penang): /su²¹/
(Hokkien: Quanzhou, Hui'an, Longyan, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sìr
- Tâi-lô: sìr
- MFA (Hui'an, Singapore): /sɯ²¹/
- MFA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/
- MFA (Longyan): /sz̩²¹³/

Nota:

Xiamen, Quanzhou, Hui'an, Zhangzhou, Changtai, Zhangpu, Longyan, Taiwan, Singapore, Penang:
- sì - vernacular;
- sù/sìr - literary.
Jinjiang, Philippines:
- sì - vernacular and literary.

(Teochew)

Peng'im: si³
Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sì
Sinological IPA ^(key): /si²¹³/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: sr (T2)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩³⁴/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: sr⁴
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁴⁵/

Definitions

四

four
(music) la (musical note)
(printing) English; The size of type between 小四 (little 4) and 小三 (little 3), standardized as 14 point.

Usage notes

Wikipedia has an article on:

Numbers in Chinese culture (Engleski)

As superstition, 四 is avoided because it is similar to 死 (“death”) in sound.

Compounds

Izvedeni termini od 四

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (四):

Japanese: 四(し) (shi)
Okinawan: 四 (si)
Korean: 사 (四, sa)
Vietnamese: tứ (四)

Others:

Wutunhua: se
→ Proto-Tai: *siːᴮ (“four”)
→ Vijetnamski: tư (“four”)

Japanski

Kanji

Pogledajte takođe:

Kategorija:Japanski termini koji se pišu sa 四

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Readings

Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
Kun: よ (yo, 四, Jōyō); よつ (yotsu, 四つ, Jōyō); よっつ (yo'tsu, 四つ, Jōyō); よん (yon, 四, Jōyō)
Nanori: あ (a); つ (tsu); ひろ (hiro); もち (mochi); よつ (yotsu)

Compounds

四股(しこ) (shiko)
四阿(あずまや) (azumaya)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
四
よ Stepen: 1
kun’yomi

⟨yo₂⟩ → */jə/ → /jo/

From Old Japanese.

In modern Japanese, Japonic よ (yo) is more common than Sinitic し (shi, see Etymology 3) outside fixed compounds, which is similar to 七(なな) (nana) but different from other numerals. The reason may be a superstitious connection to 死(し) (shi), or simply avoiding confusion with similar sounding 一(いち) (ichi) and 七(しち) (shichi).

Pronunciation

Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "yomi" is not used by this template..

Numeral

四(よ) (yo)

**Japanski kardinal numbers**
< 3	4	5 >

four, 4

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
四
よん Stepen: 1
kun’yomi

Shift from yo above,^[1]^[2] influenced by analogy by the final sound of preceding number 三 (san, “three”). The most common form as a stand-alone number.

Pronunciation

Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "y" is not used by this template..

Numeral

四(よん) (yon)

four, 4

Derived terms

四(よん)十(じゅう) (yonjū)
四(よん)輪(りん) (yonrin)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
四
し Stepen: 1
on’yomi

/si/ → /ɕi/

From Middle Chinese 四.

Compare modern Hakka 四 (si).

Alternative forms

(financial form) 肆

Pronunciation

Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "yomi" is not used by this template..

Numeral

四(し) (shi)

four, 4

Usage notes

Due to Chinese influence, 四 (shi) is sometimes avoided as it is homonymous to 死 (shi, “death”).

Derived terms

Noun

四(し) (shi)

the fourth

Affix

四(し) (shi)

Derived terms

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
四
すう Stepen: 1
irregular

From Mandarin 四 (sì).^[1]^[2]^[3]

Pronunciation

Lua greška in Modul:ja-pron at line 86: The parameter "y" is not used by this template..

Numeral

四(スー) (sū)

four, 4

Derived terms

四(スー)暗(アン)刻(コー) (sūankō)
四(スー)槓(カン)子(ツ) (sūkantsu)
四(スー)索(ソー) (sūsō)
四(スー)筒(ピン) (sūpin)
四(スー)風(ホン)牌(パイ) (sūhonpai)
四(スー)喜(シー)和(ホー) (sūshīhō)
- 小(しょう)四(スー)喜(シー) (shōsūshī)
- 大(だい)四(スー)喜(シー) (daisūshī)
四(スー)萬(ワン) (sūwan)

References

↑ ^1,0 ^1,1 Greška kod citiranja: Nevažeća oznaka <ref>; nema teksta za reference pod imenom DJR.
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
↑ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

The Japan Times (March 17, 2010). You can count on the tales behind number-kanji. Accessed March 23, 2010.

Korejski

**Korejski brojevi ^(edit)**
	40
← 3	4	5 →
Native isol.: 넷 (net) Native attr.: 네 (ne), (dated) 넉 (neok), (archaic) 너 (neo) Sino-Korean: 사 (sa) Hanja: 四 Ordinal: 넷째 (netjjae)

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 四.

Historical readings
Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞᆼ〮 (Yale: só) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448. Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ ( so)^訓 (Yale: so) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527. Šablon:hanja-gwangju Šablon:hanja-sinjeung

Pronunciation

(SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠(ː)]
Phonetic hangul: [사(ː)]
- Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

四

Wikisource

Lua greška in Modul:headword at line 442: In full_headword(), `data.translits` must be an array but is a string.

Hanja form^? of 사 (“four”).

Compounds

Šablon:ko-l/multi

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Old Japanese

Etymology

From Proto-Japonic *yə.

Also used as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨yo₂⟩.

Numeral

四 (yo₂) (kana よ)

four, 4

Derived terms

四人 (yo₂tari)

Descendants

Japanski: 四 (yo, yon)

Vijetnamski

Han character

四: Hán Việt readings: tứ-tdcndg;tdcntd;gdhn
四: Nôm readings: tớ-tdcndg;tdcntd;btcn, tứ-tdcntd;gdhn, tư-btcn

Hán tự form of tứ, “four”
Nôm form of tư (“four; fourth”).

Derived terms

References

[DJR-1] 1,0 ^1,1 Greška kod citiranja: Nevažeća oznaka <ref>; nema teksta za reference pod imenom DJR.

[DJS-2] 2,0 ^2,1 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[3] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

[1]

[2]

[3]

Kineski brojevi
	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	10²	10³	10⁴	10⁸	10¹²
Normal (小寫／小写)	〇, 零	一	二	三	四	五	六	七	八	九	十	百	千	萬／万十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial (大寫／大写)	零	壹	貳／贰	參／叁	肆	伍	陸／陆	柒	捌	玖	拾	佰	仟	萬／万十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)	億／亿	兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China)

Playing cards in Kineski · 撲克牌／扑克牌 (pūkèpái) (layout · text)

尖兒／尖儿／尖儿／尖儿	二 (èr)	三	四 (sì)	五	六	七

八 (bā)	九 (jiǔ)	十	鉤兒／钩儿／钩儿／钩儿	圈兒／圈儿／圈儿／圈儿, 皮蛋 (regional)	K	小王 (xiǎowáng, black), 大王 (red), 小鬼 (black), 大鬼 (red)

Brojevi na Japanskom
0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9
零(れい) (rei) ゼロ (zero)	一(いち) (ichi)	二(に) (ni)	三(さん) (san)	四(よん) (yon) 四(し) (shi)	五(ご) (go)	六(ろく) (roku)	七(なな) (nana) 七(しち) (shichi)	八(はち) (hachi)	九(きゅう) (kyū) 九(く) (ku)
10	11	12	13	14	15	16	17	18	19
十(じゅう) (jū)	十一(じゅういち) (jūichi)	十二(じゅうに) (jūni)	十三(じゅうさん) (jūsan)	十四(じゅうよん) (jūyon) 十四(じゅうし) (jūshi)	十五(じゅうご) (jūgo)	十六(じゅうろく) (jūroku)	十七(じゅうなな) (jūnana) 十七(じゅうしち) (jūshichi)	十八(じゅうはち) (jūhachi)	十九(じゅうきゅう) (jūkyū) 十九(じゅうく) (jūku)

四

međunarodno

Han character

Derived characters

References

Kineski

Glyph origin

Etymology

Pronunciation

Definitions

Usage notes

See also

Compounds

Descendants

Further reading

Japanski

Kanji

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Numeral

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Numeral

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Numeral

Usage notes

Derived terms

Noun

Affix

Derived terms

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Numeral

Derived terms

See also

References

Korejski

Etymology

Pronunciation

Hanja

Compounds

References

Old Japanese

Etymology

Numeral

Derived terms

Descendants

Vijetnamski

Han character

Derived terms

References