弓

Такође погледајте: 弖 и 弔

弓 U+5F13, 弓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F13 ← 弒 [U+5F12] CJK Unified Ideographs 弔 → [U+5F14]

⼸ U+2F38, ⼸ KANGXI RADICAL BOW ← ⼷ [U+2F37] Kangxi Radicals ⼹ → [U+2F39]

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Han character

弓 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+0, 3 strokes, cangjie input 弓 (N), четири-угла 1720₇, composition ⿱コ㇉)

1. Кангци радикал #57, ⼸.

Derived characters

• Додатак:Кинески радикал/弓
• 𭇂, 𡉖, 𫝳, 𢁠, 𢖸, 㧈, 𬇗, 杛, 𭨧, 𧘏, 𥸲, 𥾏, 𮓶, 𧢺, 躬, 䩑, 𩨙, 𩾫
• 𢀶, 矤, 𫾰, 𬶿, 𧱶, 𡗝, 宆, 𡰬, 芎, 𥝙, 穹, 𥫤, 𩁽, 𪎔, 𦦎, 夷, 粥, 䰜, 𠰀, 𤵶, 虇

See also

• 發, 雋

References

• KangXi: page 356, карактер 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: карактер 9692
• Dae Jaweon: страна 671, карактер 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian: том 2, страна 987, карактер 11
• Unihan data за U+5F13

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Кинески

једн. and трад.		弓
alternative forms		𭚥

Glyph origin

Историјски облици карактера 弓
Shang	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Знакови у истом фонетском низу (弓) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Стари Кинески
弓
穹
焪
芎

Pictogram (象形 (xiàngxíng)) – a bow.

Etymology

Possibly related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kuːŋ (“tree, branch, stem”) (Coblin, 1986), semantically connected with the shape of a bent tree branch. Cognate with Burmese ကိုင် (kuing, “to bend over; to be bent”), အကိုင် (a.kuing, “stalk; branch”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (kung¹, “tree”), Jingpho kung (“to branch; to grow”), lakung (“branch; limb”), Lepcha [script needed] (kóng, “branch”), [script needed] (kúng, “tree”) (STEDT).

Schuessler (2007) proposes that both Old Chinese 弓 and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kuːŋ are derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *koŋ, whence Nyah Kur [script needed] (kóoŋ, “bent (in the middle)”), Mon ကိုၚ် (“to be bent”), Khmer កោង (kaong, “to bend; to be bent”), Khasi pyrkhung (“to bend; to arch”), Pear kuŋ (“bend”), Вијетнамски cong (“to be bent, curved”).

Also compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ku(ː)m (“arched; vaulted”)

Derivatives are 肱 (“(upper) arm”) and 穹 (“arched; vault; sky”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gōng (gong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гун (I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gung¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): gung¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kiûng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): giung¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): gung¹
• Northern Min (KCR): gé̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): keng / kiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹kon
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gong¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gong
    • Wade–Giles: kung¹
    • Yale: gūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
    • Palladius: гун (gun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гун (I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gung¹
    • Yale: gūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: giung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kiʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kũŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng / kiong
    • Tâi-lô: king / kiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kefng, kiofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³/, /kiɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• keng - vernacular;
• kiong - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: gêng¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹kon
    • MiniDict: kon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: gong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /kʊŋ³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /kən³³/

Definitions

弓

1. bow Галицијски (Класификатор: 張／张)
2. curved; arched
3. to arch; to bend
4. (Jiexi Hakka) rainbow
5. (obsolete) Synonym of 步, a traditional Chinese unit of length and area.

Synonyms

• The dial-syn page 「虹」 does not yet exist. Create the data page and the map!

See also

• 箭
• 矢

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Јапански

Kanji

弓

(Други grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku); くう (kū)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きゆう (kyuu, historical)}
• Kun: たらし (tarashi, 弓); ゆ (yu, 弓); ゆみ (yumi, 弓, Jōyō)
• Nanori: こ (ko); ゆ (yu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
弓
ゆ Степен: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. In modern Јапански, only found as a prefix in compounds.

Prefix

弓(ゆ) (yu-) 

1. a bow, a bow shape

Derived terms

Изведени термини

• 弓(ゆ)懸(がけ) (yugake), 弽(ゆがけ) (yugake), 韘(ゆがけ) (yugake)
• 弓(ゆ)束(づか) (yuzuka), 弓(ゆ)柄(づか) (yuzuka), 弣(ゆづか) (yuzuka)
• 弓(ゆ)末(ずえ) (yuzue)
• 弓(ゆ)弦(づる) (yuzuru, “bowstring”)
• 弓(ゆ)弭(はず) (yuhazu), 弓(ゆ)筈(はず) (yuhazu), 弓(ゆ)彇(はず) (yuhazu, “nock on a bow where the bowstring sits”)

Etymology 2

弓 (yumi): Four different types of bow.

弓 (yu, yumi, tarashi, kyū): Japanese bows, arrows, and arrow-stand.

Yumi bow parts names

Kanji in this term
弓
ゆみ Степен: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE). A surface analysis suggests a combination of Old Japanese yu (see above) + suffixing element mi, itself of uncertain derivation.

Noun

弓(ゆみ) (yumi) 

1. a bow:
   1. (weaponry) a bow for shooting arrows
   2. (music) a bow for playing a stringed instrument such as a violin or cello
2. archery
3. (Shinto) a type of kagura (sacred Shinto song and dance) intended to drive away evil
4. short for 破(は)魔(ま)弓(ゆみ) (hama yumi): a ceremonial archery bow with the power to dispel evil
5. a bow shape, a curve
6. a bow-shaped tool used to beat ginned cotton into a softer and finer textile

Coordinate terms

• (archery): 仗(つえ) (tsue)/杖(つえ) (tsue): yumi stave; 弦(つる) (tsuru): yumi bowstring; 矢(や) (ya): an arrow (鏃(やじり) (yajiri): arrowheads; 簳(やがら) (yagara): arrow-shafts; 羽(はね) (hane): arrow-fletchings); 靫(うつぼ) (utsubo)): an quiver; 胸当(むねあ)て (muneate): kyudo plastron/chestguard; 弽(ゆがけ) (yugake): kyudo gloves; 弩(いしゆみ) (ishiyumi): a crossbow

Derived terms

Изведени термини

• 和弓(わゆみ) (wayumi, “Japanese bow/yumi”)
• 弓矢(ゆみや) (yumiya, “bow and arrow”)
• 大弓(だいきゅう) (daikyū, “longbow”)
• 半弓(はんきゅう) (hankyū, “shortbow”)
• 梓弓(あずさゆみ) (azusayumi, “a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa”)
• 破魔弓(はまゆみ) (hamayumi, “a traditional Shintō ceremonial bow for dispelling evil”)
• 重籐弓(しげどうゆみ) (shigedōyumi), 滋籐(しげどう)弓(ゆみ) (shigedō yumi), 繁籐(しげどう)弓(ゆみ) (shigedō yumi, “a rattan wood bow”)

See also

• ロングボウ (rongubō, “longbow”)

Further reading

• 弓_(武器) на the Јапански Википедији.Википедији ^ja (archery)
• Yumi (Japanese archery bow) на the Енглески Википедији.Википедији ^en
• 弓_(楽器) на the Јапански Википедији.Википедији ^ja (music)
• Bow_(music) на the Енглески Википедији.Википедији ^en

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
弓
たらし Степен: 2
kun'yomi

Alteration from torashi, 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb torasu, from tora as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 取る (toru, “to take”) + す (su, honorific suffix in Old Japanese). Original meaning was “something kept to hand”.

Alternative forms

• 執

Noun

弓(たらし) (tarashi) 

1. (rare, honorific) an archery bow, particularly one belonging to a noble

Synonyms

• 御(み)執(たらし), 御(み)弓(たらし) (mitarashi)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
弓
きゅう Степен: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 弓. Compare modern Мандарин 弓 (gōng).

Noun

弓(きゅう) (kyū) 

1. (rare) a bow
2. (obsolete) in ancient Chinese archery, a unit of length for measuring the distance between the archer and the target; one kyū was equal to six 尺 (shaku), roughly six feet or 182 centimeters
3. (obsolete) in ancient China, a unit of length for surveying land; one kyū was equal to eight 尺 (shaku), roughly eight feet or 242 centimeters

Usage notes

In modern Јапански, the reading kyū is most often found in compounds.

Derived terms

Изведени термини

• 胡(こ)弓(きゅう) (kokyū): a traditional Chinese fiddle
• 弓(きゅう)道(どう) (kyūdō): archery as a martial art
• 大(だい)弓(きゅう) (daikyū): a great bow, a long bow
• 半(はん)弓(きゅう) (hankyū): a half bow, a short bow

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Корејски

弓
the shape of the Hun bow

Hanja

弓 (eumhun 활 궁 (hwal gung))

1. Hanja form^? of 궁 (“bow (for shooting arrows”).

Compounds

• 궁도 (弓道, gungdo, “archery”)

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Вијетнамски

Han character

1. a bow

Compounds

hình cung (形弓): an arc

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弓 (кинески)

Објашњење.

Изговор:

пинјин: gōng  

Аудио:

noicon

(датотека)

Шаблон:zh-cir

Радикал:

⼸ 057₀₀

Значења:

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Примери:

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Синоними:

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Хомофони:

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Хомографи:

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ХСК ниво:

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Асоцијације:

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Изведене речи:

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Сродни чланци са Википедије:

弓

Преводи

Енглески: [1] bow ☞en Француски: Немачки: Италијански: Шпански: Португалски:

Арапски: Руски: Српски: Грчки: Бугарски: Шведски:

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Проширени садржај
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